GAM-OPZIE(Geography)
DAMAN :
Daman biel Gujarat gam Valsad biel in simlam, suolam leh mâllam teng ah a kîmkot hi.
Damanganga luipi in Daman kêhni in a khen hi; Moti Daman leh Nani Daman ahihi.
Daman biel pen India gam tumlam tuipipang a om ahia,parallels 20°- 27'- 58. leh 20°- 22'- 00. latitude north leh meridians 72°-49'- 42 leh 72°- 54'- 43 longitude east of Greenwich kikâl a om ahi.A dung sim leh mâl patsa gamlapên km 11 pha,a vâi tumlam leh suolam km 8 pha ahi.
Tuipi tunga sândân miter 12 ahi.
DIU :
Gujarat simlam gamkithum dawn a om ahi. Una biel toh tuipi tunga kidaw lei ni a kizop ahi. Diu
Diu biel pen parallels 20°-44'-34 leh 20°-42'-00 latitude north,meridians 71°-00'-24 leh 70°-52'-26 longitude east of Greenwich kikâl a om ahi.
A dung sim leh mâl km 4.6 ahia,a vâi suolam leh tumlam km 13.8 ahi. Gamzâng gam ahi.
Tuipi tunga a sândân miter 6 ahi. Muol nêute lah a sângpên miter 30 ahihi.
Daman leh Diu a kigawm a letdân km 72(72 sq.kms) pha ahi. Singtânggam(rural) sq.km 66.40 a pha a,khopi(urban) sq.km 5.60 a pha hi.
OPNA MUN(Location)
Union Territory gam Daman leh Diu pen India gam tumlam tuipang a om ahi uhhi. Daman leh Diu khopi Moti Daman ahi. Daman pen Vapi meilêngsai apatin km 14 tuom ahi. Mumbai apatin km 176 tuom ahi. Surat apat in km 100 vêl ahi. August Kranti Rajdhani nichin Delhi(Nizamuddin train station) apatin a tâi zing hi. Vapi meilêngsai ah minit 4 maimai khawl sungin a kikum let hi.
Diu pen tuikuolgam nêunou khat ahia, Junagarh(Gujarat gam) biel sunga om Una khuo toh kinâi ahi. Delwada meilêngsai apatin km 9 tuom ahi. Diu biel(district) phal lienzaw lang Gujarat gam toh kipe ahia, khumi mun khu Ghoghla kici ahi. Diu apatin km 25 a gamla; a phal nêuzaw Simar kici pen Gujarat gam sungin kîmkot ahi.
DAMAN TÂNGTHU(History of Daman)
Portuguese mite'n Daman leh Diu kumzalom 4(li) vâl a na uh zou un 1961 kum December ni 19 niin Daman leh Diu na zâlênsah u'a, tuachiin India Kumpi nuoiah Union Territory of Goa,Daman & Diu kichiin a na ki-uh uhhi.
1987 kum May hla in Goa gam in kumpihina(statehood) na nga hi. Tuami toh kizuiin Daman leh Diu gamte zong Goa gam patsa'n a na kiphalkhen a,1987 kum May hla ni 30 niin Union Territory ki-uhna na piengkhie hi.
Tânglâi B.C 2na apat B.C 13na tan in, Daman khu Lata gamkai sagi lah ah khat in na pang hi. Ashoka kumpi hun in Maurya Lênggam zong na hikha dínga up ahi. Kushana Kumpite'n zong a na uh kha dânin na kigên hi.
A.D 125 lâiin Satavahana kumpipa Satkarni I, in Kushana kumpi Ksaharatas a na delgam a,tua zaw in a na uh hi.
A.D 150 tuom in Ujjain gam a na kipandoh; Kshaharata gâllêngte'n Satavahana gam uhte a nuoinet zou u'a, tuana kuon in,A.D 150 apatin A.D 249 tan in a na uh uhhi.
A.D 249 zou apat A.D 416 tanin Abhir kumpite'n a na uh uhhi.
Kalachuri uhpi Mahishmati kumpi Krishnaraja leh a zaluote khutnei ah A.D 609 tan na om hi. Badami gam a Chalukya mite kumpipa Mangale in Kalachuri kumpi Budharaja na nuoichimit in A.D 671 tan na uh uhhi. A hlâh a suonte uh; Lata ahisihleh Navasari Chalukya na kichi uhhi. Amate'n Navasarika patsa'n Daman gam Badami Chalukyate neia omlou in na uh uhhi.
Madmud Shah Begada,Gujarat kumpipa'n 1465 kum in Jagatshah Daman kumpipa na nuoinet a,siekaina na bawl hi. Naranshah in Jagatshah za na luo in,A.D 1470 patsa'n 1500 kum tan na uh hi. Dharmshah II in A.D 1500 patsa'n 1531 kum tan na uh hi.
1523 kum patsa'n Portuguese mite'n Daman tembawsai(port) na enla mama uhhi.
Tam veipi na sim zaw un,1559 kum in Gujarat kumpipa Shah patsa'n kithukimna(treaty) khat na bawl dungzuiun Portuguese mite'n Daman pen na uh uhhi. 1961 kum zalênna gâl kisât tadongin a na uh khinkhian uhhi.
DIU
Diu pen Chandragupta Maurya,Maurya lênggam kumpipa(emperor) in Pushagupta kumpinêu tungtawnin na uh hi. Saurashtra bielkai sunga kumpinêu a na pan lâiin Girnar khuo Junagadh biel sungah khopi na sa hi.
Diu gam Greek kumpi Eukratides in zong a na uh hileh kilawm(171-150 B.C).
Gujarat kumpite(Sultans of Gujarat) in kum za leh sawmnga tuom a na uh uhhi.
1535 kum in Portuguese kumpinêu De Cunha in Diu nuoinet díngin a na kuon uhhi. Himaleh,Gujarat kumpipa'n Bahadur Shah in na nangzou hi. Tua hun toh kizawitawn in,Mughal kumpipa Humayun in Bahadur Shah gam a na sim a,a langkhat ah,Portuguese mite'n Diu kotpi na phûhkêh sawm uhhi. Tuachia a na buoizâh bepin Gujarat kumpi Shah in Portuguese uhpipa Nuno De Cunha toh 1535 kum October ni 25 niin tuipi ahizongin gam ahizongin,gâl leh sa a op leh kihutuo díngun kithukimna khat a na bawl uhhi.
Tuami kithukimna dungzuiin De Cunha in Diu gam ah kulpi lam phalna na kipie hi.
1546 kum in Portuguese mite'n Diu a nuoinet u'a,1961 kum tanin a na uh uhhi.
Source: Series 29: Goa, Daman and Diu, District Census Hand Book, Census of India, 1981.
GAM KI-UHDÂN(ADMINISTRATIVE SET UP)
Daman leh Diu UT gam uhna sungah kho 26(sawmni leh guh) Daman ah kho 22 a om a, Diu ah khuo 4 maimai a om a, tam khuo 26 opna sungah biel/district 2(ni) a om hi. Khantouna lam toh kisaiin, Block 2(ni),Taluka/Tehsil 2(ni), Municipal Council 2(ni), District Panchayat 1(khat Daman leh Diu kitâng),Village Panchayat vâihawmna 14(sawm leh li); Daman ah 10, Diu ah 4 a om hi.
(A) GAM UHNA [ADMINISTRATIVE STRUCTURE]
Sr.No. Particulars Unit Daman Dist Diu Dist Daman & Diu
1. Districts Nos. 1 1 2
2. Talukas/Tahsils Nos. 1 1 2
3. Blocks Nos. 1 1 2
4. District Panchayat Nos. ------- 1 -------- 1
5. Village Panchayats Nos. 10 4 14
6. Villages Nos. 22 4 26
7. Municipal Councils Nos. 1 1 2
8. Towns Nos. 1 1 2
9. Urban Wards Nos. 15 13 28
(B) GAM VÂIHAWMTE/UHTE[ADMINISTRATIVE AUTHORITIES]
(i) U.T Vâihawmna[U.T. Administration]
1. The Administrator
2. The Development Commissioner
3. The Finance Secretary
4. The Dy. I. G. Police
5. The Conservator of Forests
6. The Supdt. Engineer, PWD.
(ii) Biel Vâihawmna[District Administration]
1. The Collector, Daman
2. The Collector, Diu
(iii) Managing Directors
1. Omnibus Industrial Development Corporation
2. SC, ST, OBC Corporation
(iv) Commissioner (VAT)
(v) Directors
1. Medical & Health Services
2. Accounts
3. Social Welfare and Education
MISING SIMNA[POPULATION STATISTICS]
AREA & POPULATION ( CENSUS OF INDIA : 2001 )
Sr. No. Particulars Unit DamanDist Diu Dist Daman &Diu %
AREA *
Rural Sq.Kms. 65.50 22.24 87.74 78.33
Urban Sq.Kms. 6.50 17.76 24.26 21.67
Total Sq.Kms. 72.00 40.00 112.00 100.00
MISING[POPULATION]
i) Rural Nos. 78219 22637 100856 63.75
ii) Urban Nos. 35770 21578 57348 36.25
Total Nos. 113989 44215 158204 100.00
iii) Males Nos. 71634 20878 92512 58.48
iv) Females Nos. 42355 23337 65692 41.52
Total Nos. 113989 44215 158204 100.00
MISING HIZÂT[POPULATION TREND] % Increase
1961 Nos. 22390 14280 36670 --
1971 Nos. 38739 23912 62651 70.85
1981 Nos. 48560 30421 78981 26.07
1991 Nos. 62101 39485 101586 28.62
2001 Nos. 113989 44215 158204 55.73
POPULATION CHARACTERISTICS
i) Sex Ratio no. of females
per 1000 males 591 1118 710 --
ii) Population Density
per sq. km. 1583 1105 1413 --
iii) Census Houses nos. 37007 16895 53902 --
iv) Households nos. 25127 9215 34342 --
v) Average Household size
Members per household 4.54 4.80 4.61 --
POPULATION OF SPECIAL CATEGORIES ( 2001 CENSUS )
Nos. % Nos. % Nos. %
i) Scheduled Castes(SC) Total 3065 2.69 1773 4.01 4838 3.06
ii) Scheduled Tribes (ST) Total 13881 12.18 116 0.26 13997 8.85
(STs: Dubla 10366,Dhodia 1925,Varli 1485,Nayaka 113,Siddi 108)
LÂITHEITE MISING[LITERATE POPULATION (2001)]
Sr.No. Particulars Unit Daman Dist DiuDist Daman & Diu
Literacy Rate
Total % 80.65 71.38 78.18
Male % 87.38 84.39 86.76
Female % 68.60 60.09 65.61
Rural % 79.79 60.51 75.83
Urban % 82.57 81.87 82.31
* Source : Primary Census Abstract Series 26, Daman and Diu, Census of India 2001.
Monday, November 10, 2008
Wednesday, November 5, 2008
SPEECH DELIVERED ON THE OCCASION OF THE ZSP GOLDEN JUBILEE CELEBRATION ON 15TH OCTOBER AT TUAITENGPHAI VILLAGE.
By Philip Thanglienmang DANICS, Chief Guest of ZSP Golden Jubilee on 15th October 2008.
ZSP Golden Jubilee chibai nousietna na unpi un, ka’ng buh masa uhhi.
Ei Siem Tung Sienmâng in dam leh bit a, tam ZSP Golden Jubilee muthei leh lawmthei dínga ei opsah ziehin Ama tung leh mipite tungah kipâhthu lienpi ka tut masa hi.
Tam i Golden Jubilee hunzahna ah, Zinlien a pangthei díngin ka na kinêm kha sih a, tuot zong ka na tuot kha sih hi. Jubilee Committe Chairmapu Pu Ginsuonhau in gintâtloupiin, Chief Guest hing hi in, ciin ei chiel a, tu leh tuin înghêh ka cithei pai sih a, bâkhat kingaituo tadi va’ng ci’n ka na kihou kha gêl hi. Ama’n zong a’ng ciel sawnsawn kâlkhat zouin Jubilee dâh gin ei hlât ma ahi ciin, a’ng cielna pen kipâhtahin ka na pom hi. Tuachiin, Jubilee kipâhpina la khat ka phuo a, hing simsuh va’ng.
Buolna kuomthûh Delhi tuolpan,
ZSP Golden Jubilee dâh gin in,
Selung va bang ei phawng e.
Selung va bang phawn kei aw,
ZSP Jubilee dâh ginngainou,va zou va’ng ci’n,
Tungkhâimu bang hing lêng ing.
Zou va’ng ci’n tungkhâimu bang hing lêng ing,
Tuoitêng vângkhuo pupa tongluon siemna mun ah,
Zatamte toh nga bang lâituol ka lên aw,
Nun in nuom e!, nuom bou e, cîn leh tuoi aw.
INDIA LEH KAWLGAM(MYANMAR) GAM SUNGA ZO MISING OMZA
Ei Pu Zo hlâh leh suonte gam chin ah i kithêthângta u’a, tuniin India gam ah Census 2001 kisim dungzuiin Zou mising 20,528 pha hi. Tam sungah Churachandpur District sungah mising 15,000 a om a, Sugnu biel Chandel district sungah mising 4,000-5,000 tuom a om hi. Kawlgam sungah mising simna chientah a op lou hângin Internet leh magazine tungtawn a kimukhiet dânin Myanmar(Kawlgam) sungah Zo hâm sieng a hâm mising 61,000(Zo speakers) bang a om hi, chiin a kimuthei hi. Zo hi a, ei Zohâm a hâm nawnloute misingte sim ta lei, Zo mising pen nuoi(lakh) 5 patsa’n nuoi 6 bêh ki-om dínga gintât ahi.
INDIA GAM CHANDEL DISTRICT ZOTE LAH A TAPIDAW A’NG KHANDAN TOMKIM
1939 kum tuom in, Chin Hills gamkai sunga Zo khuote; Denhla(Lennacot), Lungtah, Sielmawng, Phâitu, Khienglâm leh kho dangdangte patsa’n Tapidaw Catholic suohsa leh hisa in, Japan Gâl(WW-I) hunlaiin inn ni inn thum kizui a’ng pem zel u’a, Chandel District sunga om; Khuongtal, Zangdung leh Singtom khote ah a na pemkhie uhhi.
1939 kum in Phamsa Sie Hau Kho Kham Tungdim(Langphun khomi, Chin Hills) in Catholic Tapidaw upna(ginna) India gam sungah a na polut hi. Tua ban ah, Pu. Thang Cin Lang kici mipa khat in zong tam biehna a na thezah hi, ciin mi kimkhat in na gen ngai hi.
Tuaciin,1952 kum in Singtom khuo ah Rev.Fr.Ravalico in Mass(Latna siengthou; Topa annsieng zaluina) na neizou hi. A banban in, Phaipi munpi apatin phamsa Fr. Wollaston, veve veve at the end of the hawl is Fr. Bianchi tein Zo khote na ve zelzel uhhi. 1964 kum in Sugnu ah St.Joseph Parish ciin Rev.Fr. Joseph Mattam lamkaina nei ah a na kitungding hi. Tuana kuon in, Good Shepherd Parish, Churachandpur, St. Paul Parish Pallel, St. Thomas Parish Singngat, St. Xavier Parish, Thanlon, Tuoitengphai Catholic Centre, St. Mary Tuibuong, St. Mary’s Parish Kholien( Kana huong a) leh adangdangte a na mêngkhie uhhi.
1950 kum hun laiin, Catholic Mission fatherte’n ei Zo naupangte a hon a hon in, bawng naw, lawi naw in Don Bosco Imphal leh Dibrugarh, Assam gam tan ah a thawn in sang a na kaisah u’a, milien milal suoh uh heh, ciin Catholic Mission in ham bang na huoihuoi u’a, deici bang na tel uhhi. Himaleh, mi thasie leh huldu mite leh kinawptalte i hi zieh uh ahita diei mah?, milien milal suoh na tawm mama hi. Tu-a hun laia, Zo naupang lai simteng pi mi 5-6 beh IAS, Civil Service, Sepna lien na gieldoh a na ki-omta leh, tuniin, i Zogam in hici bangin liengvaipi sih va ci’n ka um hi.
Tuinle, ei Zo Father kai mi 3 a omta a tuate ahileh; Fr. Mark Thangkhanai, Fr. Mark Mangkhanpao leh Fr. Stanis Cin Lien Khup, sister kai mi 5 a omta hi. Eimi Father kai lah ah, Fr. Peter Tongmang Haokip, Fr. Ginkhosei Baite tegel ahi uhhi. Tutu a Archbishop of Manipur dinmun luo Rt.Rev. Dominic Lumon zong St. Joseph Parish Sugnu patsa kipankhie ahihi. Chandel district sunga Zote lah a, Tapidaw a’ng lutdan tamzaw hiphot henlen. Tu-a Pu. John Zamkhomang leh Pu. Aloysius Nehkhojang tegel bang father a na kai uh leh, pen Manipur gam sunga father senior ahilouleh Bishop nei masapen na kihi dingdan ahi a, ahinlah, Pasien lemsah lou ahimanin, mi masa ding kihi lai pen na kihi zouta lou phot ahi.
Tu’nle Churachandpur district sunga Zote a’ng khandan gen panta vai.
INDIA GAM CHURACHANDPUR DISTRICT ZOTE LAH A TAPIDAW A’NG KHANDAN TOMKIM
1950 kum bul kipat tuom in, JOUGAM THUSUO Vol.I Douta Editor: S.Semkhopao office Babulane, Imphal 1954 sungah India gam Churachandpur district Zote tancin tomkim na giel hi. Jougam kipuohdan ding leh Pasien thu hilchienna a na genna tungtang ah I Mangpa Jesu Dawimangpa’n a solsawmna thute toh a na gente hi. Ni 40 sung vingveng I Mangpa Jesu Satan in a na solsawm leh na hlemsawm thupi in a na nei hi.
Misiengthou Luke na giel tancin hoi bung 4 li tang 5 apat tang 8 gietna ah, hiciin a kigen hi, tang 5na; “Jesu Dawimangpa’n taang sangpen tungah a puitou a, Hun tomnou kal sung dingin, leitung lenggam zousie a ensah zuai hi. Dawimangpa’n, Jesu kungah hicin a gen hi,tang 6na; ‘Tam lenggam zousie sunga thuneina leh thupina chinteng keima a’ng kipieh ma bangin ka’ng pesawn ding hi, tang 7na; Keima nei bieh pou leh, tam lalna gamteng a bawn in nanga ahi’ ciin Satan in Jesu a hlemsawmta hi. Tang 8 gietna ah, Jesu’n Dawimangpa kungah, ‘Dawimangpa, tu mama in, ka sulnua zuon pai in, aziehpen na Topa na Pasien bou na be dinga tualeh ama beh na maimai nasem ding hi, ciin na kigielzou hi’ ‘Get thee behind me, Satan: for it is written. Thou shall worship the Lord thy God and Him only shall thou serve’.
‘Gam kikim khen Jouta kuolsung hi I masanglai I pute leh pate na hing kici peh ahia, a kithaphuo thu zong ahi nawn sih a, zatdang in zong kilawmloutaha, a mawh pumval thei ding zong hita lou hiel hi. A gam sunga tenga a kimot seng ziehin namdangte’n theisiemna’n a nei law uh. Jou kuol hih Pasien thu lam sanga a miel dieh nah laidan mi kim in I theisiem uh gintat a um’ ci thute Jougam-Thusuo sungah lainatna nei kawm in, na talang zou hi. Tua ban ah, kum tul zakuo samnga leh li, Phumhla ni 20 ni (20.2.1954), kum leh hla Hun a, Jou Christian Association Daijang khuo a bangzieha na kiphutdoh ahiei? ci thute tomkim in hiciin a na giel hi, ‘Lemtanna(Privilege and Chance) lamsang ah mun tampi ah melsie in a ki-om lengta mai a, tachi banga Lungsim a kigawtna(Hypocracy) pen bei bai ngai lou dan ding ahi ciengin a khamkham a kituom puoh ding ahiin mipi lemsah in Jou Christian Association kitung dingta. ciin na khumlut hi.
India gam sung a Zo Cultural Dance leh Zo puondum, Zo puonlaisan a’ng kithethangzie.
Gangpi hla 1954 kum ni 24 ni in Phaipi khopi ah Manipur Hills and Plain Festival-1954 kici khat a na opna ah, ‘The Jou Dancing Party’ kici in Jou nam lam lahna leh Ton, Sa-ai, Zogal Limlahna(Zogal Drama) masapen Pu. T. Lamzagin Chairman, Jou Cultural Organization Manipur makaina in na kineizou hi.
Sugunu leh Singtom Zo ngahnu tangvalte zong a va tel uhhi. Singtom khangnoute’n i pu i pate dute a gen ciengun ‘neitah’ na nei ei, Milong veng ah neitah va leita vai, neitah dawn vai ciin zu pen neitah ciin a minphuo let uhhi. Gungal lam Zote’n a zah ciengun nal sa in, a nui za mama kei uhhi (as told to me by Pu. L.K.Haokip I.P.S). Tua hun laia, Zo lam a a na kilam ciengin Sugunu leh Singtom, Sachih Kana huong a na kisil ngai Zo puondum leh Zo puonlaisan in a na kivon(kichei) teitei hi. Bangzieha tam thu ka’ng gen e? i ci leh tuami hun laiin, Gungal Zote’n(Lamka, Singngat, Behieng leh adangdangte’n) tu-a Simte puondum toh kisun sim puondum khat ‘Tawngnoh/tongnoh’ puon kici khat puon in a na zang let uhhi.
A theihuoi khat kia leuleu ahileh, Churachandpur district sunga hing kipankhie Zo hlattuom tuomtuomte melcina mun teng ah Sugunu, Singtom, Kana huonsung khu Gungal ciin na kikhumlut ma na’n uh leh zong, Sugnu, Singtom leh Kana huong lam Zote’n zong Lamka, Singngat, Behieng lam Zote pen Gungalte na kici veve uhhi, ci khu thei vai. Bangzieh ahiei? i ci leh Meitei gunpi in ei kimkhen zieh uh ahihi. Tua ziehin eite pen i unpi u’a, Gûngâlte i hi uhhi chi thei ahi.
INDIA GAM ZOTE LAH A POLITIGS A’NG KHANDAN TOMKIM
1954 kum Zinghla ni 23 nini’n Zo pumpi kikhaikhawna ding khuolna in Phamsa Pu. S.Semkhopao President masapen hina la in, Phamsa Pu. T. Khup Grace Chief Secretary masapen hina tu in JOU NATIONAL COUNCIL(JNC) kici pawlkhat Grimson Road Imphal ah na phutkhie uhhi.
Hun hing peitou zel in, JNC vaipote’n kum 3(thum) sung a na puoh nua un, 1956 kum Zinghla ni 4 niin Tuoitengphai khuo ah hausate, memberteng leh mi poimawteng kithukimna bangi Jou National Council pen UNITED MANIPUR JOU ORGANIZATION(UMJO) chiin a na hlengta uhhi. Vaipote pen a ngaingai ma a pangsah kia uhhi.
JOU TRIBE RECOGNITION 1956
Pu. S.Semkhopao UMJO President, Pu. T. Khup Grace tualeh leh Pu.T. Gougin UMJO Treasurer a puoh laitah un, India Kumpi a’ng sawl Tribal Commissioner for SC/ST kungah ngetna na bawl uhhi. Pu. T. Gougin in office lam nasep toh thuo in, sum leh paite dong in, 1956 kum bei lam in, JOU Tribe recognition na mudoh uhhi.
JOU TON AMASAPEN 1959 Tuoitengphai khuo ah 24/1/1959 kum in na kimang hi. Chief Guestpa(zinlienpa) Phamsa Pu. J.M Raina Chief Commissioner Manipur a na haw lou ziehin Jou buhpi in kiphinna nei in Tuoitengphai apatin Lamka tan mipi’n lungkimlouna etsahna in lamzuina na nei uhhi.
ZOU TON ANIVEINA 1960 Tuoitengphai khuo mama ah, dated 4/2/1960 kum in a na kimang hi. Tua hun in zong, phamsa Pu. J.M Raina ma zinlien dingin a na ciel uhhi. Tam hun laiin, i u nau Kawlgam a om Zote toh spelling kibang kideina in, JOU cia J laimal(spelling) na kigiel leh na kimang zel pen ZOU ciin Z laimal in a na kihlengkhie hi(as told by Rev. David K. Samte 1994 A.D, Lamka).
ZO KHOPPI (ZO TON) ATHUMVEINA : Manipur Zogam a tengte Singtom khuo ah kikhoppi 12-2-1961 kum a na kinei a, Zomi tul thum a na kikhawm hi. Sieltal tongsu khat a na kithat hi. Tuami Zo Khoppi athum veina hun sunga vaihawmte(organisers) ahileh; phamsate- Pu. Sienjahau, Pu. Vummang, Sub. Thangkhokam, Pu Nengjachin, Sub.Eljapao leh Upa Thangkhogin na hi uhhi. Lam gei cinteng ah, India Nampi diellap phileplep sa’n, Phamsa Pu. Saipu President leh Pu. T. Gougin Chief Secretary tegel pen na vaidot zou in, zana na kipiehna in Zogam Sakol tungah na kituongsah uhhi. Tua hun in United Manipur Jou Organization(UMJO) pen United Zomi Organisation(UZO) ciin lamkaite’n a na hleng uhhi. 1962-65 kum sungin UZO in kituplouna a na nei a, a sita bangin a na om hi..
ZNC LEH UZO KIKÂL THUTE: UZO GENERAL ELECTION 1970 SINGNGAT
Gangpi hla ni 28-30 1970 kum in Singngat khuo UZO Gen.Election a na om a, ni 25 Gangpi hla niin Phamsa Pu. Thangkhanlal UZO President in a na kaicing a, Pu. T. Semkholun Chief Secretary in na pang hi. Tua kum in phamsa Sub. Ginkhozam Election Commissioner in na pang hi. Tua dungzuiin President charge lahna 11/2/1970 kum in na la hi. So far so good, ci mai vai.
1972; MANIPUR STATEHOOD LEH MLA ASSEMBLY ELECTION ZIEH
28.1.1972 kum in MLA kitelna ding hun nai ziehin Daijang khuo ah UZO Special Assembly a na nei uhhi. MLA support tungtang a UZO thupuasahna zuilou a op leh kum 6 guh sunga pat nawsuo leh tanvou neithei lou ding ciin thupuasahna a na nei uhhi.
12.2.1972 UZO Executive Committee in 1972 Manipur Assembly Election hun ah Churachandpur A/C ah Pu T. Goukhenpau leh Singngat A/C ah Pu. Thangkhanlal UZO President full support dingin phuong uhhi.
Tuaciin, Pu. T. Gougin leh phamsa Pu. S.K. Samte tegel in Pu. Thangkhanlal MLA makaina a UZO kivaipuohdan duthusam sa lou un tualeh piching zou lou a sah ziehun Zogam siemphatna dingin ZNC Party ciin Daijang khuo ah 1972 kum ma in a na phut uhhi. UZO Executive Committee dated 29.2.1972 kum in hla 3 sung vingveng nawsuo in a om gel a, tualeh ZNC kikhopna va pang UZO member pouma leh member a va kiminvaw pouma te’n kizutkia uh heh ciin thupuasahna a bawl uhhi.
I mipilte leh i masate uh, Pu. T.Gougin leh phamsa Pu. S.K. Samte in MDC Election a din ut ziehun, Pu. Lunkap Chairmanshipna leh Pu. T. Semkholun CSecy na neiah, UZO Executive Committe dated 16.3.1972 kungah support a na ngen u’a, hinanleh UZO support pen Pu. T.Semkholun Tuining MDC leh Pu. S. Kamzadou Singngat MDC a na pie uhhi.
1972 kum Manipur Assembly Election kitêlna ah Chief Agent in Pu. T. Gouzadou President, ZSP na pang hi, tuaciin Phamsa Pu. Thangkhanlal pen a khatveina dingin Singngat MLA dingin a na lawching hi.
UZO General Assembly Tuoitengphai khuo ah dated 15/4/1972 kum in phamsa Pu. Semkhopao Samte leh Pu.T. Gougin tegel UZO party apat kum 6 guh sung nawsuo in a na phuong uhhi.
UZO General Assembly Tuoitengphai dated June hla ni 4-5 1976 kum in a na om kia hi. Tami kum in Zo Laisiengthou i.e Holy Bible in Zo sunga Apocripha tel ahiziehin MGP sung hitaven, Zo sung hitaven buoipina leh kikhenzahna na tung hi. Tuami buoina suveng dingin Phamsa Pu Thangkhanlal, Pu. T. Gougin leh Dr. M. Lachinkhai na guong uhhi. Ahi’nlah, amahaw buoina pen a na suveng zouta sih uhhi.
UZO pen ZNC min a hlen díngin Pu. T. Gougin in a na phut pen a na phuvang zouta sih hi. UZO Special Assembly Zomi Colony dated 11.11.1979 kum in Singngat A/C MLA ding dingin Phamsa Pu. Thangkhanlal leh Pu. Kamzadou Samte UZO party ticket na kitu gel hi. Pu Kamzadou Samte a na nualahkia hi.
UZO Executive Committee dated 22.4.1980 Zoveng Pu.T. Chinzagin inn ah Zomi Working Committe(ZWC) thusuo dated 30.4.1980 kum in a na kisuo hi. Tam thusuo na sungah Gungal lam ci vai Churachandpur Zo te ngen 30 sawmthum val a kiguol demduom hi. Chandel district Zo khat beh a tel sih hi. 1983 April hla in Kana huong na kici pen Kana Block leh Sugnu Block ciin ni in na kikhenkhie hi. Ahivangin, UZO sungah Chandel district huop sunga dingin palai a kibelap tuon sih hi.
Khuciin, 1980 apatin 1996 tan in Zo sungah Election toh kisai in buoina leh nawngkaina tampi na tung zel hi. Luoi kivei bangin MLA kai leh kailou in na kikhen zel hi.
*Tam atung a UZO leh MLA tangthu tomkim a, ka’ng lel na azieh ahileh, khangnoute’n zong i society sunga siltungte basic history thei uh heh, cia ka’ng sut ahibou hi
Gam leh nam, Pasien biehdan dingte toh kizawitawn in Phamsa i it mama uh, Pu Semkhopao Samte in JOUGAM-THUSUO tunga na gielsa ‘Jougam kipuohdan ding leh Pasien thu a na mamuna leh a na mangmuna tungtang ah I Mangpa Jesu Dawimangpa’n a solsawmna thute toh a na gente zou hi.
Tuniin, khangnoute leh sangnaupangte aw, i it uh, peimasa Pu Sempu mangmuna, a peisa hunte a UZO sunga lenggam leh lalgam(MLA/MDC) kituna zieh dan dihloutah, khankhuo dan zuilou a, Pasien deilam sui lou a, leitung pilna beh suong a, thudih zuilou a, eima Zo sunga UZO politigs hitaven, ZSP politigs hitaven, ZNC politigs hitaven leh adangdangte i na tangkoupi uh leh i na thupi ngai pen uh, tuni’n Khangnoute Sangnaupangte minpuo Golden Jubilee i lop hun sung un. Tuniin i Mangpa Jesu deilam bawl i hina uoi le? ci thute kingaisut vingveng ciet lei hoiva ci’ng e. Tam banga hun tomnou kal sung lalna leh letna deigawna ziehin tuni in ei Zo te’n i lellaw u’a, i basaplawta mama uhhi. Nang leh kei in Pasien deilam thudih thuman pom det in, I Mangpa Jesu in Dawimangpa kunga a dawnna bangin i Pasien i Topa bou be ding leh zui ding, ama maimai nasem ding ka hi, ciin i kiciem ngam uoi le?
Tuniin tahaw ziehin, i nam a pum buoizahta a, i nam min nasan uh zong bang pen heipen dih ahiei? ciin nawngkaina tuoh mi tampite a om dingin ka gingta hi.
Tuaziehin, i it uh, Phamsa Pu Semkhopao Samte na gielsa mabangin ‘Gam kikim khen Jouta kuolsung hi i masanglai I pute leh pate na hing kici peh ahia, a kithaphuo thu zong ahi nawn sih a, zatdang in zong kilawmloutah a, a mawh pumval thei ding zong hita lou hiel hi. A gam sunga tenga a kimot seng ziehin namdangte’n theisiemna’n a nei law uh. Jou kuol hih Pasien thu lam sanga a miel dieh nah laidan mi kim in I theisiem uh gintat a um’ ci thute Jougam-Thusuo sungah lainatna nei kawm in, na talang zou hi.
Malai a Israel mite’n Pasien thu a man lou zieh u’a, kithêthâng bangin, tuni’n eite zong kithêthâng dehdeh i hita uhhi. Pasien in Israelte a lungsiet , a it , a ngai man in, a zangai pâupâu hi. Zotate zong Israelte bang i hi uhhi. ‘Ka belam hon cing dingin belampu khat ka guot zouta a, hinanleh ama’n belamte a suse dinga a kigâlgih ciengin a panpi sih a, a mangsa a sui sih a, a manthâi díng uh lah donlou a, a vâhtâpte lah donlou a, a liemte a damsah sih a, a suohta sunte nasan a vâ sih hi. Tua thamlou in, belam thaupente sa a ne a, a kengcinte a tohsah siengta hi. Tam bang mite gam sungah buoina ka bawl ding hi, a ci Topa Pasien in. (Zekariah 11:16,17).
Tuniin nang leh kei in Pu Semkhopao in Zogam a na mangmunate sulnua i zuithei kia d`ing uoi le? Zo tate Pasien teltuom mite i hi uh hi, ciin ama’n na mangmu masa zou hi. Ama mangmudân ahileh, Zouta kuol sungah Pasien thu leh late kithêzâh henlen, Pasien hepina damtui bangin luong leh Zogam dam lien ding ahi ci thu pen na mangmu zou hi. Tualeh, a tahsa leh a zaitha neiteng in mipite na leh Pasien na a na sêm hi.
Tuniin i society sung en vingveng lei, Singngat A/C ah, MLA bangza vei ei Zota na kai ngai ma leh zong, Zo tate sepna kiguon, sepna nei leh officer lien mi bangza i kisiemdohta ei ? ciin suita lei pen i khutme dawn a hliethei hina lâi hi.
Tam thute ka gen ciengin Churachandpur DC office mun a A.E(Dev) ka tou lâi ka phawh mama hi. Tua hun lâiin, Zo ta LDC khatbêh zong ka na mu zou sih hi. Peon khat bep na om hileh kilawm! Kei khumi mun a, A.E va toupa zong ei Zo MLA adviser khat leh ni policy ziehin ei kitou ngimsah sih hi, tuaciin Civil Service Exam giel dínga suti ka lah sungin, ka panmun pen mi dang khat a na tusahta uhhi.
MDC kaite’n zong tuaci mabangin a Zota tankim díng lâi, pen mi dangte a na zua zêl uhhi. Tuhun ciengin, kumpi in zong nasep hong nawn lou ahimanin, MLA/MDC te’n zong koima nasep pethei nawn lou dinmun in a omta hi.
MLA leh MDC politigs i lah u’a a’ng lut apatin, ei Zo society sungah kumpi nasep mu mi bangza i om diei? tawm mama va izaw!
Tua ziehin u leh nau aw, tuniin Pasien lang zuon kia ta va ui, Mangpa hing ngaidam inlen, ka mi ka sate hing siemtha kiata in ci khu i thumna uh leh i ngetna uh hi zing hen. Sangnaupangte’n zong ZSP, UZO ngainat ma ding hina, hinanlehzong, koikoi MLA/MDC kai ma nanlehzong UZO leh ZSP in nasep, natoh leh kham ei guon ngei va ciin na kinem malmal nawnta sih un, hun peisate a silpiengte leh siltungte a kuon in, pilta vai, maw sawt nawnta sih vai, u leh naute aw.
THOU UN, THOU UN, THOU UN len, ‘SIN UN len, KUKALTAHI PANG TENTUN UN len Na Pu na Pate Tawndan Za ciet un’ ciin ka’ng hânthawn nâh mama uhhi. Tua ziehin tam Golden Jubilee i lop uh toh kizui in, i ZSP Motto uh Thou un, Thou un, Thou un, a na ci gige pen uh hleng va ui in, English-Mangkam in Learn, Persevere and Honour ci in kihlengthei leh deihuoi ka sa hi.
ZO TAWNDAN HOITE: Inndongta, Neita, Sielkhupsa, Nau-aitah, Mou tunsa, Gan hlahaw: Amasapen in, ei Zo inn suong khat in i bawl masah pen ding uh bang e, i ci leh, zaw leh be(Indongta) sui masah ding ahi. Tanupi(Tutapen) matna bawl pai ding, ei lah ah, Zaw leh be neiloupi a, tang hin inn suong mipa tampi ei lah ah, om ci ka thei ngai hi.
I Pu i pate tawndan hoi mama khat a hileh NEITA ZONNA ahi. Tam Neita na kizonzon ziehin i society na siengthou mama hi. Kilungsietna, ki-itna leh kingainatna na sang mama hi. Hindan poudan zong kitup mama hi. Tam Tawndan in i society sung stablesah, kipsah in ka mu hi. Pute Sielkhupsa tha ci bang tawndan manpha khat tu ciengin mang ding kisa ta hi.Pute kunga tute va pui a, guolzawlna ngetna; Nau-aitah tawndan hoi mama pi khat a mangta bang hita hi, Sugnu lam ah a kizuina lai sam hi. Inn lam cienga tu leh tate’n inn lam pa a pupa uh, panpi leh huna tawndan zong a mangthang ding ahita hi, zui kia dingin hoi ka sa hi. Mou tunsa(saluong 3 teitei) kitha ciengin, Zo sahou semdante a hi citcet in kizuithei kia leh hoi ka sa hi. Nu leh pa zatat ding a mai u’a, zu leh sa, zatep dummuom bawl lou ding ci bang piendan hoi ahi. Gan hla haw satha, bang kizang kia henlen, ei Tapidaw peidan toh kituohin kisiemtha leh hoi sa’ng.
ZSP KÊHLET DÎNG DÂN
ZSP sungah reformation hing polut unlen, hing siemtha kia un. Tu ma nâi a, i Jubileee masang a nang siemtha dân uh, hoi ka na sa hi. Example, mun tuomtuom a unit leh block nang phu tungtang thu ka cina ahi. Chandel district a letdân Churachandpur district cie pha phiel ahihi. Geographical distance gamlâtdân leh opdân en in, Chandel District ah local issue te ah autonomony neissah a full power tawithei díngin ZSP President Chandel District ciin dêngsah lei khantouna leh kilemna omzaw dingin ka gingta hi. Tuaci mabangin ZSP President Churachandpur District ciin kiminvaw ciet henlen kidingsah henlen, ZSP General President, Manipur/India ciin tam District Presidentte tungah kikhâikhawm leh, ci thu bang ka na ngaisutna sawt mama ta hi.
Chandel leh Churachandpur, Imphal districte a Zo/Zou mising omza dungzuiin ZSP Headquarters Executive Body ah Proportional Representation zuiin kipothei lei, i kivaihawmdân uh, pen a’ng navâh theizaw díng hi.
THUKÂLZIE
ZOCULSIN ka na phutkhiet kalsie kum 10 a cingta hi. ZOCULSIN pen 23rd Arpil 1998 kum in ka na phutkhie hi. Tami society tup leh ngimte ahileh; i ham i pau khantouna dinga ka na phu ahi. Zoham leh Zo tawndan tualeh ei singtangmite ham leh tawndan dangdangte khanlettheina dinga a na kiphut ahi. Ei kithuopi theite’n ei kithuopi unlen, laibu lui nei na op uh leh, na panpina uh ka sang dinga mansa ka hi gige hi. ZOCULSIN in tutan a, a sepdoh leh a bawldohte tam aneia bang ahi. 2006 kum in Dictionary of Zo Poetic Words, Metaphors and Similes Vol.I na sundoh hi. Tua ban ah, Ka Katekizam Masapen naupangte Bible zilna laibu, Katholik Zailate leh Mass lamzuidan, A Biography of Peter Thangkhokam leh adangdang. Zotongdam kici magazine khat zong hunkhat ka’ng suo hi.
Kum 10 cinna thupitahin, a lopna(A Decade of Existence) Delhi khopi ah na kinei hi. Tua toh kizuiin, UN International Year of Language kikop in, MP Club South Avenue, New Delhi ah Zo khangnou 60 val toh kithuo in, tuami hunzah pen thupitahin a na ki lawmzouta hi. Tua hun in Workshop on A Glossary of Zo Cultural Vocabularies ci thupi a la in workshop pen lawcingtahin na kizouta hi. Tuami hun ah, India leh America gam sung Linguistics/language lam a, mi minthang tampite’n a’ng uop uhhi. Mailam ciengin, a lem leh Zo English Hindi Dictionary, Zo lahamtengte Vol.II, English Hindi Zo, Zo into English Dictionary Projectte suhpicing theina dingin pan ka lahsawm ahi. Delhi a om sangnaupangte’n zong bangma kisitna neilouin a’ng panpi zel u’a, Delhi khopi ah hun lemtang nga sih tamaleng zong, tuni hun in amate tungah lungdamthu genna, lungdamkouna ka nei hi. Zoham khantouna leh khanletna dínga pan thei khamkham a pan ka na lah zel ahia, tam Zoham khantouna dinga ka kipiehna khu ei na thei pieh gige uh lacin kipah va’ng. Zoculsin in India leh Burma a Zoham a gawmsawm hi. Zou Literature Society Manipur toh a kikalna bangma a om sih hi.
Tu’nle, Zohâm suichienna toh kisai in JNU, New Delhi ah Ph.D Scholar in ka kikhumlûtta(admitted) hi. Tuaziehin kei pen ZSP ka suohkiata hi.
Radio Veritas Asia Zomi-Chin Service: Rev. Fr. Mark Thang Khan Ai pawnthawna leh kukalna zâlin, Zokam in Radio Program kum 10 vingveng a na bawl ziehin i kipâhpina uh etsahna in khutbêng ciet va ui.
Zomi Musical and Theatrical Society: Tuaci mabangin, Rev.Fr. Mark Thang Khan Ai leh a lawmpa Suonmeng(Lawrence) in Zomi Musical and Theatrical Society kici society khat; Tumging(Music), Culture leh Theatre lamsang khanletna díngin, a na phutdoh u’a, tuachi ma bangin Pu Elkhothang leh Pu Jamkhongam lamkaina in Zogam Leidi Party nupi papite telin 2002 kum in khat a na phutkhie u’a, tua ahimanin, ka’ng kipâhpi uhhi. Culture; Literature, Drama, Music, Customs lam i hing ngaikhawh ciengun, nam khangtou díng nam kidawdoh díng i hita uh ciin thei sawm lei deihuoi ka sa hi.
Ei Zo/Zou sung society sung pen Pape Huon gol mama khat bangin tuot in en vai in, a sungah pape ci tuomtuom, zat dangdang leh zem tuomtuom suon vai in, pousah vai in, gasuongsah vai in, mom pante, khangsawnte etton ding leh zui dingin a haici hoite zotang bang gawl va ui.
Sangnaupang lâisimte hoitah peitou díng lâiteng zong UZO leh ZSP buoipi in, MLA kâidíngpa mawngsing bang bêl in, i Zou sunga i laisiemthei díngte, MCS, IAS, IPS leh adangdang muthei díngte pen MLA beh ah kinepna nei un, a hunte uh a na zang beita uhhi. MLA kâi pen Zo sangnaupangte’n a’ng motlawpi ta u’a, a neu a lien kam bembem in UZO leh ZSP ngen gen in Zou khoteng ah a na tângtawh u’a, lâisim man lou leh nasep hawl man lou hiel in a hunte uh a na mawh subei zêl uhhi. Tua zieha, ZSPte’n kunga ka’ng vâhlâh nuom uh ahileh, tulangkalsie, MLA/MDCte nasep leh khâm ei peva ciin kinepda ta unlen, na siemsinna te u’ah, gin-omtah leh kukaltahin pan;la ciet ta un, u leh naute aw.
Atawpna ah, ZSP sangnaupangte ka’ng thu hlâh nuom leh ka’ng thumop nuom tam aneia teng ahi:
*Career guidance lam ha bawl in bawl unlen, Seminar, Workshop, Symposium cite kum khat in nivei teitei bawl sawm un.
*I Zo khocin Govt. ahisih leh Private sanginn omte puophat dingdan awareness camp bawlthei uh lacin hoi ka sa hi.
*Mipi khanletna dinga Govt.in scheme/policies bawlte del zui unlen, Development fund hoitahin nei sawm un.
* Lâisimte Census(Mising) hoitahin maintain zel un..
*Delhi ah ZSP Study forum a kibawl a, tu’nle a gâ khat leh ni muthei in a omta hi. Tuachi ma bangin tam Manipur gam sungah zong nou ZSPte’n gam tuomtuom kho tuomtuom ah, Coaching Centre te hong unlen, tuachiin i sangnaupang tampite’n a’ng noptuompi ngêi díng u’a, tualleh khat leh ni in self-employment a’ng muthei díng hi.
*Na Foreign Policy uh hoitahin set up un
*ZSP General Hqtrs President leh GS a na telte un, Zo khoteng tuonuoh thei uh leh deihuoi ka sa hi. Zo tângthu theisiem mi leh Zou mipite ngâimi ma ahi ngâi in ka thei hi.
Tam teng na hing bawl uh leh, thei khamkham a, kei zong noute kithuopi díng leh hu dínga mansa gige ka hihi. Tunia noute mai a ka’ng dinthei na ahizieh ahileh ka pil ka siem ahisih leh noute sanga ka bawlthei zieh hizaw louin ka hina officer khat DANICS ka mu zieh ahibou hi. Noute’n kei sânga nasep lienzaw leh thupizaw na muthei tham díng uhhi. Kukaltahin hing pan un.
Tunia ZSP kum 50 nga a cin kum GOLDEN JUBILEE lopna hun a, kei mi banga cing leh siem ka hilou theinasasa a, deisahtah a, Sangnaupangte kipahpi dinga Zinlien(Chief Guest) khat a nei pansahna uh toh kisai in, Jubilee Celebration Committee te tung leh UZO leh ZSP vaipote, Tuaitengphai Hausapu leh Hausateng, tuni a hing peikhawm lamkaiteng, mipiteng leh tam Jubilee lawcinna toh kisai a, gim leh tawlte na unpi un, na tung ua’h ka lungdam thu a dimlet in ka’ng sung hi. Kum 50 i cin uh toh kizawitawn in sil i bawl cieng uh leh neukhat professional/organized deu in bawl sawm va ui, ciin ka’ng vaihlah uhhi.
Thusînna dîngin, nidang lâi a, i Zola lui mama 2ni hing hil va’ng a na ngâi un, u leh naute;
1. U leh nau aw
i) U leh nau aw, bel a zu bang kipuo ciet lei,
Piengpan lunlaite tangzaw vai e.
ii) I theina uh tem bang tawi ciet lei,
Tâng a, Lângkhup la bangin dâikai kên ah, keta vâi e.
2. Zota vontawi piengpan seinouguol
i) Zota vontawi piengpan seinouguol, lungkituoh zong
Damtui bang luongkhawm lei nuom e!
ii) Tui bang luongkhawm lungkituoh, mawng bang kikawi,
Damtui a zâl limnga bang lâmkhawm lei nuom e!.
Tunia, ZSP Golden Jubilee Chief Guest a, ka’ng panna toh kisai leh Zoculsin Chairman ka hina zâlin, ZSP Golden Jubilee panpina in ka thei khamkham in tami lâituom(envelope) sunga omza pen Zoculsin min in, ei na sânpieh un chiin, ZSP Golden Jubilee Chairmanpu a la díngin tuin ka ciel hi.
Gênkhiel, tuotkhiel leh ham khiel ka nei khah tah leh zong ei Siempa leh nouteng tungah ngâidamna ka’ng ngên hi.
I Bieh i Tung Sienmâng in i bawnpi un, ei guolzawl cietta hen. Amen.
Ka lungdam e!
ZSP dam sawtta hen!
ZSP Golden Jubilee chibai nousietna na unpi un, ka’ng buh masa uhhi.
Ei Siem Tung Sienmâng in dam leh bit a, tam ZSP Golden Jubilee muthei leh lawmthei dínga ei opsah ziehin Ama tung leh mipite tungah kipâhthu lienpi ka tut masa hi.
Tam i Golden Jubilee hunzahna ah, Zinlien a pangthei díngin ka na kinêm kha sih a, tuot zong ka na tuot kha sih hi. Jubilee Committe Chairmapu Pu Ginsuonhau in gintâtloupiin, Chief Guest hing hi in, ciin ei chiel a, tu leh tuin înghêh ka cithei pai sih a, bâkhat kingaituo tadi va’ng ci’n ka na kihou kha gêl hi. Ama’n zong a’ng ciel sawnsawn kâlkhat zouin Jubilee dâh gin ei hlât ma ahi ciin, a’ng cielna pen kipâhtahin ka na pom hi. Tuachiin, Jubilee kipâhpina la khat ka phuo a, hing simsuh va’ng.
Buolna kuomthûh Delhi tuolpan,
ZSP Golden Jubilee dâh gin in,
Selung va bang ei phawng e.
Selung va bang phawn kei aw,
ZSP Jubilee dâh ginngainou,va zou va’ng ci’n,
Tungkhâimu bang hing lêng ing.
Zou va’ng ci’n tungkhâimu bang hing lêng ing,
Tuoitêng vângkhuo pupa tongluon siemna mun ah,
Zatamte toh nga bang lâituol ka lên aw,
Nun in nuom e!, nuom bou e, cîn leh tuoi aw.
INDIA LEH KAWLGAM(MYANMAR) GAM SUNGA ZO MISING OMZA
Ei Pu Zo hlâh leh suonte gam chin ah i kithêthângta u’a, tuniin India gam ah Census 2001 kisim dungzuiin Zou mising 20,528 pha hi. Tam sungah Churachandpur District sungah mising 15,000 a om a, Sugnu biel Chandel district sungah mising 4,000-5,000 tuom a om hi. Kawlgam sungah mising simna chientah a op lou hângin Internet leh magazine tungtawn a kimukhiet dânin Myanmar(Kawlgam) sungah Zo hâm sieng a hâm mising 61,000(Zo speakers) bang a om hi, chiin a kimuthei hi. Zo hi a, ei Zohâm a hâm nawnloute misingte sim ta lei, Zo mising pen nuoi(lakh) 5 patsa’n nuoi 6 bêh ki-om dínga gintât ahi.
INDIA GAM CHANDEL DISTRICT ZOTE LAH A TAPIDAW A’NG KHANDAN TOMKIM
1939 kum tuom in, Chin Hills gamkai sunga Zo khuote; Denhla(Lennacot), Lungtah, Sielmawng, Phâitu, Khienglâm leh kho dangdangte patsa’n Tapidaw Catholic suohsa leh hisa in, Japan Gâl(WW-I) hunlaiin inn ni inn thum kizui a’ng pem zel u’a, Chandel District sunga om; Khuongtal, Zangdung leh Singtom khote ah a na pemkhie uhhi.
1939 kum in Phamsa Sie Hau Kho Kham Tungdim(Langphun khomi, Chin Hills) in Catholic Tapidaw upna(ginna) India gam sungah a na polut hi. Tua ban ah, Pu. Thang Cin Lang kici mipa khat in zong tam biehna a na thezah hi, ciin mi kimkhat in na gen ngai hi.
Tuaciin,1952 kum in Singtom khuo ah Rev.Fr.Ravalico in Mass(Latna siengthou; Topa annsieng zaluina) na neizou hi. A banban in, Phaipi munpi apatin phamsa Fr. Wollaston, veve veve at the end of the hawl is Fr. Bianchi tein Zo khote na ve zelzel uhhi. 1964 kum in Sugnu ah St.Joseph Parish ciin Rev.Fr. Joseph Mattam lamkaina nei ah a na kitungding hi. Tuana kuon in, Good Shepherd Parish, Churachandpur, St. Paul Parish Pallel, St. Thomas Parish Singngat, St. Xavier Parish, Thanlon, Tuoitengphai Catholic Centre, St. Mary Tuibuong, St. Mary’s Parish Kholien( Kana huong a) leh adangdangte a na mêngkhie uhhi.
1950 kum hun laiin, Catholic Mission fatherte’n ei Zo naupangte a hon a hon in, bawng naw, lawi naw in Don Bosco Imphal leh Dibrugarh, Assam gam tan ah a thawn in sang a na kaisah u’a, milien milal suoh uh heh, ciin Catholic Mission in ham bang na huoihuoi u’a, deici bang na tel uhhi. Himaleh, mi thasie leh huldu mite leh kinawptalte i hi zieh uh ahita diei mah?, milien milal suoh na tawm mama hi. Tu-a hun laia, Zo naupang lai simteng pi mi 5-6 beh IAS, Civil Service, Sepna lien na gieldoh a na ki-omta leh, tuniin, i Zogam in hici bangin liengvaipi sih va ci’n ka um hi.
Tuinle, ei Zo Father kai mi 3 a omta a tuate ahileh; Fr. Mark Thangkhanai, Fr. Mark Mangkhanpao leh Fr. Stanis Cin Lien Khup, sister kai mi 5 a omta hi. Eimi Father kai lah ah, Fr. Peter Tongmang Haokip, Fr. Ginkhosei Baite tegel ahi uhhi. Tutu a Archbishop of Manipur dinmun luo Rt.Rev. Dominic Lumon zong St. Joseph Parish Sugnu patsa kipankhie ahihi. Chandel district sunga Zote lah a, Tapidaw a’ng lutdan tamzaw hiphot henlen. Tu-a Pu. John Zamkhomang leh Pu. Aloysius Nehkhojang tegel bang father a na kai uh leh, pen Manipur gam sunga father senior ahilouleh Bishop nei masapen na kihi dingdan ahi a, ahinlah, Pasien lemsah lou ahimanin, mi masa ding kihi lai pen na kihi zouta lou phot ahi.
Tu’nle Churachandpur district sunga Zote a’ng khandan gen panta vai.
INDIA GAM CHURACHANDPUR DISTRICT ZOTE LAH A TAPIDAW A’NG KHANDAN TOMKIM
1950 kum bul kipat tuom in, JOUGAM THUSUO Vol.I Douta Editor: S.Semkhopao office Babulane, Imphal 1954 sungah India gam Churachandpur district Zote tancin tomkim na giel hi. Jougam kipuohdan ding leh Pasien thu hilchienna a na genna tungtang ah I Mangpa Jesu Dawimangpa’n a solsawmna thute toh a na gente hi. Ni 40 sung vingveng I Mangpa Jesu Satan in a na solsawm leh na hlemsawm thupi in a na nei hi.
Misiengthou Luke na giel tancin hoi bung 4 li tang 5 apat tang 8 gietna ah, hiciin a kigen hi, tang 5na; “Jesu Dawimangpa’n taang sangpen tungah a puitou a, Hun tomnou kal sung dingin, leitung lenggam zousie a ensah zuai hi. Dawimangpa’n, Jesu kungah hicin a gen hi,tang 6na; ‘Tam lenggam zousie sunga thuneina leh thupina chinteng keima a’ng kipieh ma bangin ka’ng pesawn ding hi, tang 7na; Keima nei bieh pou leh, tam lalna gamteng a bawn in nanga ahi’ ciin Satan in Jesu a hlemsawmta hi. Tang 8 gietna ah, Jesu’n Dawimangpa kungah, ‘Dawimangpa, tu mama in, ka sulnua zuon pai in, aziehpen na Topa na Pasien bou na be dinga tualeh ama beh na maimai nasem ding hi, ciin na kigielzou hi’ ‘Get thee behind me, Satan: for it is written. Thou shall worship the Lord thy God and Him only shall thou serve’.
‘Gam kikim khen Jouta kuolsung hi I masanglai I pute leh pate na hing kici peh ahia, a kithaphuo thu zong ahi nawn sih a, zatdang in zong kilawmloutaha, a mawh pumval thei ding zong hita lou hiel hi. A gam sunga tenga a kimot seng ziehin namdangte’n theisiemna’n a nei law uh. Jou kuol hih Pasien thu lam sanga a miel dieh nah laidan mi kim in I theisiem uh gintat a um’ ci thute Jougam-Thusuo sungah lainatna nei kawm in, na talang zou hi. Tua ban ah, kum tul zakuo samnga leh li, Phumhla ni 20 ni (20.2.1954), kum leh hla Hun a, Jou Christian Association Daijang khuo a bangzieha na kiphutdoh ahiei? ci thute tomkim in hiciin a na giel hi, ‘Lemtanna(Privilege and Chance) lamsang ah mun tampi ah melsie in a ki-om lengta mai a, tachi banga Lungsim a kigawtna(Hypocracy) pen bei bai ngai lou dan ding ahi ciengin a khamkham a kituom puoh ding ahiin mipi lemsah in Jou Christian Association kitung dingta. ciin na khumlut hi.
India gam sung a Zo Cultural Dance leh Zo puondum, Zo puonlaisan a’ng kithethangzie.
Gangpi hla 1954 kum ni 24 ni in Phaipi khopi ah Manipur Hills and Plain Festival-1954 kici khat a na opna ah, ‘The Jou Dancing Party’ kici in Jou nam lam lahna leh Ton, Sa-ai, Zogal Limlahna(Zogal Drama) masapen Pu. T. Lamzagin Chairman, Jou Cultural Organization Manipur makaina in na kineizou hi.
Sugunu leh Singtom Zo ngahnu tangvalte zong a va tel uhhi. Singtom khangnoute’n i pu i pate dute a gen ciengun ‘neitah’ na nei ei, Milong veng ah neitah va leita vai, neitah dawn vai ciin zu pen neitah ciin a minphuo let uhhi. Gungal lam Zote’n a zah ciengun nal sa in, a nui za mama kei uhhi (as told to me by Pu. L.K.Haokip I.P.S). Tua hun laia, Zo lam a a na kilam ciengin Sugunu leh Singtom, Sachih Kana huong a na kisil ngai Zo puondum leh Zo puonlaisan in a na kivon(kichei) teitei hi. Bangzieha tam thu ka’ng gen e? i ci leh tuami hun laiin, Gungal Zote’n(Lamka, Singngat, Behieng leh adangdangte’n) tu-a Simte puondum toh kisun sim puondum khat ‘Tawngnoh/tongnoh’ puon kici khat puon in a na zang let uhhi.
A theihuoi khat kia leuleu ahileh, Churachandpur district sunga hing kipankhie Zo hlattuom tuomtuomte melcina mun teng ah Sugunu, Singtom, Kana huonsung khu Gungal ciin na kikhumlut ma na’n uh leh zong, Sugnu, Singtom leh Kana huong lam Zote’n zong Lamka, Singngat, Behieng lam Zote pen Gungalte na kici veve uhhi, ci khu thei vai. Bangzieh ahiei? i ci leh Meitei gunpi in ei kimkhen zieh uh ahihi. Tua ziehin eite pen i unpi u’a, Gûngâlte i hi uhhi chi thei ahi.
INDIA GAM ZOTE LAH A POLITIGS A’NG KHANDAN TOMKIM
1954 kum Zinghla ni 23 nini’n Zo pumpi kikhaikhawna ding khuolna in Phamsa Pu. S.Semkhopao President masapen hina la in, Phamsa Pu. T. Khup Grace Chief Secretary masapen hina tu in JOU NATIONAL COUNCIL(JNC) kici pawlkhat Grimson Road Imphal ah na phutkhie uhhi.
Hun hing peitou zel in, JNC vaipote’n kum 3(thum) sung a na puoh nua un, 1956 kum Zinghla ni 4 niin Tuoitengphai khuo ah hausate, memberteng leh mi poimawteng kithukimna bangi Jou National Council pen UNITED MANIPUR JOU ORGANIZATION(UMJO) chiin a na hlengta uhhi. Vaipote pen a ngaingai ma a pangsah kia uhhi.
JOU TRIBE RECOGNITION 1956
Pu. S.Semkhopao UMJO President, Pu. T. Khup Grace tualeh leh Pu.T. Gougin UMJO Treasurer a puoh laitah un, India Kumpi a’ng sawl Tribal Commissioner for SC/ST kungah ngetna na bawl uhhi. Pu. T. Gougin in office lam nasep toh thuo in, sum leh paite dong in, 1956 kum bei lam in, JOU Tribe recognition na mudoh uhhi.
JOU TON AMASAPEN 1959 Tuoitengphai khuo ah 24/1/1959 kum in na kimang hi. Chief Guestpa(zinlienpa) Phamsa Pu. J.M Raina Chief Commissioner Manipur a na haw lou ziehin Jou buhpi in kiphinna nei in Tuoitengphai apatin Lamka tan mipi’n lungkimlouna etsahna in lamzuina na nei uhhi.
ZOU TON ANIVEINA 1960 Tuoitengphai khuo mama ah, dated 4/2/1960 kum in a na kimang hi. Tua hun in zong, phamsa Pu. J.M Raina ma zinlien dingin a na ciel uhhi. Tam hun laiin, i u nau Kawlgam a om Zote toh spelling kibang kideina in, JOU cia J laimal(spelling) na kigiel leh na kimang zel pen ZOU ciin Z laimal in a na kihlengkhie hi(as told by Rev. David K. Samte 1994 A.D, Lamka).
ZO KHOPPI (ZO TON) ATHUMVEINA : Manipur Zogam a tengte Singtom khuo ah kikhoppi 12-2-1961 kum a na kinei a, Zomi tul thum a na kikhawm hi. Sieltal tongsu khat a na kithat hi. Tuami Zo Khoppi athum veina hun sunga vaihawmte(organisers) ahileh; phamsate- Pu. Sienjahau, Pu. Vummang, Sub. Thangkhokam, Pu Nengjachin, Sub.Eljapao leh Upa Thangkhogin na hi uhhi. Lam gei cinteng ah, India Nampi diellap phileplep sa’n, Phamsa Pu. Saipu President leh Pu. T. Gougin Chief Secretary tegel pen na vaidot zou in, zana na kipiehna in Zogam Sakol tungah na kituongsah uhhi. Tua hun in United Manipur Jou Organization(UMJO) pen United Zomi Organisation(UZO) ciin lamkaite’n a na hleng uhhi. 1962-65 kum sungin UZO in kituplouna a na nei a, a sita bangin a na om hi..
ZNC LEH UZO KIKÂL THUTE: UZO GENERAL ELECTION 1970 SINGNGAT
Gangpi hla ni 28-30 1970 kum in Singngat khuo UZO Gen.Election a na om a, ni 25 Gangpi hla niin Phamsa Pu. Thangkhanlal UZO President in a na kaicing a, Pu. T. Semkholun Chief Secretary in na pang hi. Tua kum in phamsa Sub. Ginkhozam Election Commissioner in na pang hi. Tua dungzuiin President charge lahna 11/2/1970 kum in na la hi. So far so good, ci mai vai.
1972; MANIPUR STATEHOOD LEH MLA ASSEMBLY ELECTION ZIEH
28.1.1972 kum in MLA kitelna ding hun nai ziehin Daijang khuo ah UZO Special Assembly a na nei uhhi. MLA support tungtang a UZO thupuasahna zuilou a op leh kum 6 guh sunga pat nawsuo leh tanvou neithei lou ding ciin thupuasahna a na nei uhhi.
12.2.1972 UZO Executive Committee in 1972 Manipur Assembly Election hun ah Churachandpur A/C ah Pu T. Goukhenpau leh Singngat A/C ah Pu. Thangkhanlal UZO President full support dingin phuong uhhi.
Tuaciin, Pu. T. Gougin leh phamsa Pu. S.K. Samte tegel in Pu. Thangkhanlal MLA makaina a UZO kivaipuohdan duthusam sa lou un tualeh piching zou lou a sah ziehun Zogam siemphatna dingin ZNC Party ciin Daijang khuo ah 1972 kum ma in a na phut uhhi. UZO Executive Committee dated 29.2.1972 kum in hla 3 sung vingveng nawsuo in a om gel a, tualeh ZNC kikhopna va pang UZO member pouma leh member a va kiminvaw pouma te’n kizutkia uh heh ciin thupuasahna a bawl uhhi.
I mipilte leh i masate uh, Pu. T.Gougin leh phamsa Pu. S.K. Samte in MDC Election a din ut ziehun, Pu. Lunkap Chairmanshipna leh Pu. T. Semkholun CSecy na neiah, UZO Executive Committe dated 16.3.1972 kungah support a na ngen u’a, hinanleh UZO support pen Pu. T.Semkholun Tuining MDC leh Pu. S. Kamzadou Singngat MDC a na pie uhhi.
1972 kum Manipur Assembly Election kitêlna ah Chief Agent in Pu. T. Gouzadou President, ZSP na pang hi, tuaciin Phamsa Pu. Thangkhanlal pen a khatveina dingin Singngat MLA dingin a na lawching hi.
UZO General Assembly Tuoitengphai khuo ah dated 15/4/1972 kum in phamsa Pu. Semkhopao Samte leh Pu.T. Gougin tegel UZO party apat kum 6 guh sung nawsuo in a na phuong uhhi.
UZO General Assembly Tuoitengphai dated June hla ni 4-5 1976 kum in a na om kia hi. Tami kum in Zo Laisiengthou i.e Holy Bible in Zo sunga Apocripha tel ahiziehin MGP sung hitaven, Zo sung hitaven buoipina leh kikhenzahna na tung hi. Tuami buoina suveng dingin Phamsa Pu Thangkhanlal, Pu. T. Gougin leh Dr. M. Lachinkhai na guong uhhi. Ahi’nlah, amahaw buoina pen a na suveng zouta sih uhhi.
UZO pen ZNC min a hlen díngin Pu. T. Gougin in a na phut pen a na phuvang zouta sih hi. UZO Special Assembly Zomi Colony dated 11.11.1979 kum in Singngat A/C MLA ding dingin Phamsa Pu. Thangkhanlal leh Pu. Kamzadou Samte UZO party ticket na kitu gel hi. Pu Kamzadou Samte a na nualahkia hi.
UZO Executive Committee dated 22.4.1980 Zoveng Pu.T. Chinzagin inn ah Zomi Working Committe(ZWC) thusuo dated 30.4.1980 kum in a na kisuo hi. Tam thusuo na sungah Gungal lam ci vai Churachandpur Zo te ngen 30 sawmthum val a kiguol demduom hi. Chandel district Zo khat beh a tel sih hi. 1983 April hla in Kana huong na kici pen Kana Block leh Sugnu Block ciin ni in na kikhenkhie hi. Ahivangin, UZO sungah Chandel district huop sunga dingin palai a kibelap tuon sih hi.
Khuciin, 1980 apatin 1996 tan in Zo sungah Election toh kisai in buoina leh nawngkaina tampi na tung zel hi. Luoi kivei bangin MLA kai leh kailou in na kikhen zel hi.
*Tam atung a UZO leh MLA tangthu tomkim a, ka’ng lel na azieh ahileh, khangnoute’n zong i society sunga siltungte basic history thei uh heh, cia ka’ng sut ahibou hi
Gam leh nam, Pasien biehdan dingte toh kizawitawn in Phamsa i it mama uh, Pu Semkhopao Samte in JOUGAM-THUSUO tunga na gielsa ‘Jougam kipuohdan ding leh Pasien thu a na mamuna leh a na mangmuna tungtang ah I Mangpa Jesu Dawimangpa’n a solsawmna thute toh a na gente zou hi.
Tuniin, khangnoute leh sangnaupangte aw, i it uh, peimasa Pu Sempu mangmuna, a peisa hunte a UZO sunga lenggam leh lalgam(MLA/MDC) kituna zieh dan dihloutah, khankhuo dan zuilou a, Pasien deilam sui lou a, leitung pilna beh suong a, thudih zuilou a, eima Zo sunga UZO politigs hitaven, ZSP politigs hitaven, ZNC politigs hitaven leh adangdangte i na tangkoupi uh leh i na thupi ngai pen uh, tuni’n Khangnoute Sangnaupangte minpuo Golden Jubilee i lop hun sung un. Tuniin i Mangpa Jesu deilam bawl i hina uoi le? ci thute kingaisut vingveng ciet lei hoiva ci’ng e. Tam banga hun tomnou kal sung lalna leh letna deigawna ziehin tuni in ei Zo te’n i lellaw u’a, i basaplawta mama uhhi. Nang leh kei in Pasien deilam thudih thuman pom det in, I Mangpa Jesu in Dawimangpa kunga a dawnna bangin i Pasien i Topa bou be ding leh zui ding, ama maimai nasem ding ka hi, ciin i kiciem ngam uoi le?
Tuniin tahaw ziehin, i nam a pum buoizahta a, i nam min nasan uh zong bang pen heipen dih ahiei? ciin nawngkaina tuoh mi tampite a om dingin ka gingta hi.
Tuaziehin, i it uh, Phamsa Pu Semkhopao Samte na gielsa mabangin ‘Gam kikim khen Jouta kuolsung hi i masanglai I pute leh pate na hing kici peh ahia, a kithaphuo thu zong ahi nawn sih a, zatdang in zong kilawmloutah a, a mawh pumval thei ding zong hita lou hiel hi. A gam sunga tenga a kimot seng ziehin namdangte’n theisiemna’n a nei law uh. Jou kuol hih Pasien thu lam sanga a miel dieh nah laidan mi kim in I theisiem uh gintat a um’ ci thute Jougam-Thusuo sungah lainatna nei kawm in, na talang zou hi.
Malai a Israel mite’n Pasien thu a man lou zieh u’a, kithêthâng bangin, tuni’n eite zong kithêthâng dehdeh i hita uhhi. Pasien in Israelte a lungsiet , a it , a ngai man in, a zangai pâupâu hi. Zotate zong Israelte bang i hi uhhi. ‘Ka belam hon cing dingin belampu khat ka guot zouta a, hinanleh ama’n belamte a suse dinga a kigâlgih ciengin a panpi sih a, a mangsa a sui sih a, a manthâi díng uh lah donlou a, a vâhtâpte lah donlou a, a liemte a damsah sih a, a suohta sunte nasan a vâ sih hi. Tua thamlou in, belam thaupente sa a ne a, a kengcinte a tohsah siengta hi. Tam bang mite gam sungah buoina ka bawl ding hi, a ci Topa Pasien in. (Zekariah 11:16,17).
Tuniin nang leh kei in Pu Semkhopao in Zogam a na mangmunate sulnua i zuithei kia d`ing uoi le? Zo tate Pasien teltuom mite i hi uh hi, ciin ama’n na mangmu masa zou hi. Ama mangmudân ahileh, Zouta kuol sungah Pasien thu leh late kithêzâh henlen, Pasien hepina damtui bangin luong leh Zogam dam lien ding ahi ci thu pen na mangmu zou hi. Tualeh, a tahsa leh a zaitha neiteng in mipite na leh Pasien na a na sêm hi.
Tuniin i society sung en vingveng lei, Singngat A/C ah, MLA bangza vei ei Zota na kai ngai ma leh zong, Zo tate sepna kiguon, sepna nei leh officer lien mi bangza i kisiemdohta ei ? ciin suita lei pen i khutme dawn a hliethei hina lâi hi.
Tam thute ka gen ciengin Churachandpur DC office mun a A.E(Dev) ka tou lâi ka phawh mama hi. Tua hun lâiin, Zo ta LDC khatbêh zong ka na mu zou sih hi. Peon khat bep na om hileh kilawm! Kei khumi mun a, A.E va toupa zong ei Zo MLA adviser khat leh ni policy ziehin ei kitou ngimsah sih hi, tuaciin Civil Service Exam giel dínga suti ka lah sungin, ka panmun pen mi dang khat a na tusahta uhhi.
MDC kaite’n zong tuaci mabangin a Zota tankim díng lâi, pen mi dangte a na zua zêl uhhi. Tuhun ciengin, kumpi in zong nasep hong nawn lou ahimanin, MLA/MDC te’n zong koima nasep pethei nawn lou dinmun in a omta hi.
MLA leh MDC politigs i lah u’a a’ng lut apatin, ei Zo society sungah kumpi nasep mu mi bangza i om diei? tawm mama va izaw!
Tua ziehin u leh nau aw, tuniin Pasien lang zuon kia ta va ui, Mangpa hing ngaidam inlen, ka mi ka sate hing siemtha kiata in ci khu i thumna uh leh i ngetna uh hi zing hen. Sangnaupangte’n zong ZSP, UZO ngainat ma ding hina, hinanlehzong, koikoi MLA/MDC kai ma nanlehzong UZO leh ZSP in nasep, natoh leh kham ei guon ngei va ciin na kinem malmal nawnta sih un, hun peisate a silpiengte leh siltungte a kuon in, pilta vai, maw sawt nawnta sih vai, u leh naute aw.
THOU UN, THOU UN, THOU UN len, ‘SIN UN len, KUKALTAHI PANG TENTUN UN len Na Pu na Pate Tawndan Za ciet un’ ciin ka’ng hânthawn nâh mama uhhi. Tua ziehin tam Golden Jubilee i lop uh toh kizui in, i ZSP Motto uh Thou un, Thou un, Thou un, a na ci gige pen uh hleng va ui in, English-Mangkam in Learn, Persevere and Honour ci in kihlengthei leh deihuoi ka sa hi.
ZO TAWNDAN HOITE: Inndongta, Neita, Sielkhupsa, Nau-aitah, Mou tunsa, Gan hlahaw: Amasapen in, ei Zo inn suong khat in i bawl masah pen ding uh bang e, i ci leh, zaw leh be(Indongta) sui masah ding ahi. Tanupi(Tutapen) matna bawl pai ding, ei lah ah, Zaw leh be neiloupi a, tang hin inn suong mipa tampi ei lah ah, om ci ka thei ngai hi.
I Pu i pate tawndan hoi mama khat a hileh NEITA ZONNA ahi. Tam Neita na kizonzon ziehin i society na siengthou mama hi. Kilungsietna, ki-itna leh kingainatna na sang mama hi. Hindan poudan zong kitup mama hi. Tam Tawndan in i society sung stablesah, kipsah in ka mu hi. Pute Sielkhupsa tha ci bang tawndan manpha khat tu ciengin mang ding kisa ta hi.Pute kunga tute va pui a, guolzawlna ngetna; Nau-aitah tawndan hoi mama pi khat a mangta bang hita hi, Sugnu lam ah a kizuina lai sam hi. Inn lam cienga tu leh tate’n inn lam pa a pupa uh, panpi leh huna tawndan zong a mangthang ding ahita hi, zui kia dingin hoi ka sa hi. Mou tunsa(saluong 3 teitei) kitha ciengin, Zo sahou semdante a hi citcet in kizuithei kia leh hoi ka sa hi. Nu leh pa zatat ding a mai u’a, zu leh sa, zatep dummuom bawl lou ding ci bang piendan hoi ahi. Gan hla haw satha, bang kizang kia henlen, ei Tapidaw peidan toh kituohin kisiemtha leh hoi sa’ng.
ZSP KÊHLET DÎNG DÂN
ZSP sungah reformation hing polut unlen, hing siemtha kia un. Tu ma nâi a, i Jubileee masang a nang siemtha dân uh, hoi ka na sa hi. Example, mun tuomtuom a unit leh block nang phu tungtang thu ka cina ahi. Chandel district a letdân Churachandpur district cie pha phiel ahihi. Geographical distance gamlâtdân leh opdân en in, Chandel District ah local issue te ah autonomony neissah a full power tawithei díngin ZSP President Chandel District ciin dêngsah lei khantouna leh kilemna omzaw dingin ka gingta hi. Tuaci mabangin ZSP President Churachandpur District ciin kiminvaw ciet henlen kidingsah henlen, ZSP General President, Manipur/India ciin tam District Presidentte tungah kikhâikhawm leh, ci thu bang ka na ngaisutna sawt mama ta hi.
Chandel leh Churachandpur, Imphal districte a Zo/Zou mising omza dungzuiin ZSP Headquarters Executive Body ah Proportional Representation zuiin kipothei lei, i kivaihawmdân uh, pen a’ng navâh theizaw díng hi.
THUKÂLZIE
ZOCULSIN ka na phutkhiet kalsie kum 10 a cingta hi. ZOCULSIN pen 23rd Arpil 1998 kum in ka na phutkhie hi. Tami society tup leh ngimte ahileh; i ham i pau khantouna dinga ka na phu ahi. Zoham leh Zo tawndan tualeh ei singtangmite ham leh tawndan dangdangte khanlettheina dinga a na kiphut ahi. Ei kithuopi theite’n ei kithuopi unlen, laibu lui nei na op uh leh, na panpina uh ka sang dinga mansa ka hi gige hi. ZOCULSIN in tutan a, a sepdoh leh a bawldohte tam aneia bang ahi. 2006 kum in Dictionary of Zo Poetic Words, Metaphors and Similes Vol.I na sundoh hi. Tua ban ah, Ka Katekizam Masapen naupangte Bible zilna laibu, Katholik Zailate leh Mass lamzuidan, A Biography of Peter Thangkhokam leh adangdang. Zotongdam kici magazine khat zong hunkhat ka’ng suo hi.
Kum 10 cinna thupitahin, a lopna(A Decade of Existence) Delhi khopi ah na kinei hi. Tua toh kizuiin, UN International Year of Language kikop in, MP Club South Avenue, New Delhi ah Zo khangnou 60 val toh kithuo in, tuami hunzah pen thupitahin a na ki lawmzouta hi. Tua hun in Workshop on A Glossary of Zo Cultural Vocabularies ci thupi a la in workshop pen lawcingtahin na kizouta hi. Tuami hun ah, India leh America gam sung Linguistics/language lam a, mi minthang tampite’n a’ng uop uhhi. Mailam ciengin, a lem leh Zo English Hindi Dictionary, Zo lahamtengte Vol.II, English Hindi Zo, Zo into English Dictionary Projectte suhpicing theina dingin pan ka lahsawm ahi. Delhi a om sangnaupangte’n zong bangma kisitna neilouin a’ng panpi zel u’a, Delhi khopi ah hun lemtang nga sih tamaleng zong, tuni hun in amate tungah lungdamthu genna, lungdamkouna ka nei hi. Zoham khantouna leh khanletna dínga pan thei khamkham a pan ka na lah zel ahia, tam Zoham khantouna dinga ka kipiehna khu ei na thei pieh gige uh lacin kipah va’ng. Zoculsin in India leh Burma a Zoham a gawmsawm hi. Zou Literature Society Manipur toh a kikalna bangma a om sih hi.
Tu’nle, Zohâm suichienna toh kisai in JNU, New Delhi ah Ph.D Scholar in ka kikhumlûtta(admitted) hi. Tuaziehin kei pen ZSP ka suohkiata hi.
Radio Veritas Asia Zomi-Chin Service: Rev. Fr. Mark Thang Khan Ai pawnthawna leh kukalna zâlin, Zokam in Radio Program kum 10 vingveng a na bawl ziehin i kipâhpina uh etsahna in khutbêng ciet va ui.
Zomi Musical and Theatrical Society: Tuaci mabangin, Rev.Fr. Mark Thang Khan Ai leh a lawmpa Suonmeng(Lawrence) in Zomi Musical and Theatrical Society kici society khat; Tumging(Music), Culture leh Theatre lamsang khanletna díngin, a na phutdoh u’a, tuachi ma bangin Pu Elkhothang leh Pu Jamkhongam lamkaina in Zogam Leidi Party nupi papite telin 2002 kum in khat a na phutkhie u’a, tua ahimanin, ka’ng kipâhpi uhhi. Culture; Literature, Drama, Music, Customs lam i hing ngaikhawh ciengun, nam khangtou díng nam kidawdoh díng i hita uh ciin thei sawm lei deihuoi ka sa hi.
Ei Zo/Zou sung society sung pen Pape Huon gol mama khat bangin tuot in en vai in, a sungah pape ci tuomtuom, zat dangdang leh zem tuomtuom suon vai in, pousah vai in, gasuongsah vai in, mom pante, khangsawnte etton ding leh zui dingin a haici hoite zotang bang gawl va ui.
Sangnaupang lâisimte hoitah peitou díng lâiteng zong UZO leh ZSP buoipi in, MLA kâidíngpa mawngsing bang bêl in, i Zou sunga i laisiemthei díngte, MCS, IAS, IPS leh adangdang muthei díngte pen MLA beh ah kinepna nei un, a hunte uh a na zang beita uhhi. MLA kâi pen Zo sangnaupangte’n a’ng motlawpi ta u’a, a neu a lien kam bembem in UZO leh ZSP ngen gen in Zou khoteng ah a na tângtawh u’a, lâisim man lou leh nasep hawl man lou hiel in a hunte uh a na mawh subei zêl uhhi. Tua zieha, ZSPte’n kunga ka’ng vâhlâh nuom uh ahileh, tulangkalsie, MLA/MDCte nasep leh khâm ei peva ciin kinepda ta unlen, na siemsinna te u’ah, gin-omtah leh kukaltahin pan;la ciet ta un, u leh naute aw.
Atawpna ah, ZSP sangnaupangte ka’ng thu hlâh nuom leh ka’ng thumop nuom tam aneia teng ahi:
*Career guidance lam ha bawl in bawl unlen, Seminar, Workshop, Symposium cite kum khat in nivei teitei bawl sawm un.
*I Zo khocin Govt. ahisih leh Private sanginn omte puophat dingdan awareness camp bawlthei uh lacin hoi ka sa hi.
*Mipi khanletna dinga Govt.in scheme/policies bawlte del zui unlen, Development fund hoitahin nei sawm un.
* Lâisimte Census(Mising) hoitahin maintain zel un..
*Delhi ah ZSP Study forum a kibawl a, tu’nle a gâ khat leh ni muthei in a omta hi. Tuachi ma bangin tam Manipur gam sungah zong nou ZSPte’n gam tuomtuom kho tuomtuom ah, Coaching Centre te hong unlen, tuachiin i sangnaupang tampite’n a’ng noptuompi ngêi díng u’a, tualleh khat leh ni in self-employment a’ng muthei díng hi.
*Na Foreign Policy uh hoitahin set up un
*ZSP General Hqtrs President leh GS a na telte un, Zo khoteng tuonuoh thei uh leh deihuoi ka sa hi. Zo tângthu theisiem mi leh Zou mipite ngâimi ma ahi ngâi in ka thei hi.
Tam teng na hing bawl uh leh, thei khamkham a, kei zong noute kithuopi díng leh hu dínga mansa gige ka hihi. Tunia noute mai a ka’ng dinthei na ahizieh ahileh ka pil ka siem ahisih leh noute sanga ka bawlthei zieh hizaw louin ka hina officer khat DANICS ka mu zieh ahibou hi. Noute’n kei sânga nasep lienzaw leh thupizaw na muthei tham díng uhhi. Kukaltahin hing pan un.
Tunia ZSP kum 50 nga a cin kum GOLDEN JUBILEE lopna hun a, kei mi banga cing leh siem ka hilou theinasasa a, deisahtah a, Sangnaupangte kipahpi dinga Zinlien(Chief Guest) khat a nei pansahna uh toh kisai in, Jubilee Celebration Committee te tung leh UZO leh ZSP vaipote, Tuaitengphai Hausapu leh Hausateng, tuni a hing peikhawm lamkaiteng, mipiteng leh tam Jubilee lawcinna toh kisai a, gim leh tawlte na unpi un, na tung ua’h ka lungdam thu a dimlet in ka’ng sung hi. Kum 50 i cin uh toh kizawitawn in sil i bawl cieng uh leh neukhat professional/organized deu in bawl sawm va ui, ciin ka’ng vaihlah uhhi.
Thusînna dîngin, nidang lâi a, i Zola lui mama 2ni hing hil va’ng a na ngâi un, u leh naute;
1. U leh nau aw
i) U leh nau aw, bel a zu bang kipuo ciet lei,
Piengpan lunlaite tangzaw vai e.
ii) I theina uh tem bang tawi ciet lei,
Tâng a, Lângkhup la bangin dâikai kên ah, keta vâi e.
2. Zota vontawi piengpan seinouguol
i) Zota vontawi piengpan seinouguol, lungkituoh zong
Damtui bang luongkhawm lei nuom e!
ii) Tui bang luongkhawm lungkituoh, mawng bang kikawi,
Damtui a zâl limnga bang lâmkhawm lei nuom e!.
Tunia, ZSP Golden Jubilee Chief Guest a, ka’ng panna toh kisai leh Zoculsin Chairman ka hina zâlin, ZSP Golden Jubilee panpina in ka thei khamkham in tami lâituom(envelope) sunga omza pen Zoculsin min in, ei na sânpieh un chiin, ZSP Golden Jubilee Chairmanpu a la díngin tuin ka ciel hi.
Gênkhiel, tuotkhiel leh ham khiel ka nei khah tah leh zong ei Siempa leh nouteng tungah ngâidamna ka’ng ngên hi.
I Bieh i Tung Sienmâng in i bawnpi un, ei guolzawl cietta hen. Amen.
Ka lungdam e!
ZSP dam sawtta hen!
Sunday, September 28, 2008
Mobile phone(Cellphone) leh Hluoh Cancer natna kizawitawn
Philip Thanglienmang DANICS
Saturday 27/9/08
USA mipilte(saintiste) gendan in mobilephone zah leh hluoh(huoh) cancer natna kizuiton(kizawitawn) himaithei va ciin thusuo zâuthawnghuoitah khat a phuong uhhi.
Mobile phone patsa a’ng pawtkhie radiation/magnetic hu hoilou pen in hinnanei tahsa hiengte a tongkhathei hi.
Tam bang zauhuoi thu pen tuma kum 50 masang lai a, zatep(naziel tep) leh tuop cancer natna kizuiton ahi ci thute lamsang ah, dum siempawlte(tobacco companyte) in a na gingta sih uhhi.
Tam mobilephone patsa pawtdoh magnetic hu(wave) in nuntatnanei/hinnanei(biological) tahsa tungah bangtan sietna leh khâtna tunthei di’ei ci thu ah mipilsuisiemte(researchers) zong a kithukim thei nai sih uhhi.
Pu David Carpenter, Director, Institute of Health and Environment, University of Albany in a genna ah, mobile phone magnetic hu leh hluoh cancer nat kizawitawn ahi ci thute pen mawh neplah lou a, ahi ma ahi, ci tanpha a, i gintat pai ding uh ahi ciin, Subcommittee of US House of Representatives Committee on Oversight and Reform maiah phuondohna a nei hi. Ama’n a genkiana ah, ta bang radiation/magnetic hu hoilou in bangtan sietna leh khâtna i tahsa tunga a’ng tutthei ahiei, ci khu theicienna cientah thute a kinei nâi lou vangin, adiehin naupangte’n tam bang hu hoilou zahna lamsang ah, pilvan mama a ngâi leh a kûl hi ciin a phuongdoh hi.
Pu Robert Herberman, Director, University of Pittsburg Cancer Institute, in zong a genna ah, cellphone zah leh hluoh cancer natna a kizuiton ahi ci pen a namdetna thu a phuong hi. Pu Robert leh Pu David tegel gendan in, picingte(adults) sângin naupangte’n tam magnetic hu hoilou pen a khanglazaw uhhi, ciin a phuong uhhi.
Cellphone a’ng pienna Scandivania gam a mipilsuisiemte mukhietna dungzuiin cellphone apatsa a’ng pawtdoh magnetic hu in hinnanei tahsa tungah sietna leh khatna a tunthei ma hi, ciin a gen uhhi.
Cancer siem Swedenmi Pu Lennart Hardell in a mukhietna ah, bilkawm a cellphone zangte pen a bil in khuozahna thahui tungah natna hoilou(tumor) aleni in a ngâina gui zangte sângin, a veitheizaw hi ciin a mukhietna a phuong hi.
Israel gam a mipilsuisiemte mukhietdân in, cellphone hâzahte cilpûlna tahsa(salivary gland) tungah natna hoilou(tumor) veitheina khu za lahah sawmnga(50%) vei sangzaw a nei uhhi.
Royal Society of London in a suikhietna ah cellphone zanghate sangin a zangbaite pen le-ngavei in hluoh cancer natna vei baizaw hi, ciin a hil uhhi.
Cellphone i hâzahna i bil lang khat pen bou ah, natna hoilou a kiveithei hi a ciin, Pu David Carpenter in a gen hi.
‘Hi ngutva guoite’ mobilephone a mi khat toh ka kisawt hou ciengin, ka bilkawm a’ng sa vengvung a, ka bilkawm a ka thuo sawt ciengin, ka bil hing sa huthut a, tua cingin, ‘Lawm awi, i kihou tawpsah phot vai, izaw’ ka ci zel hi. Tua ziehin, mobilephone ka nei hi, ciin kûl leh poimaw tinten lou piin thu leh late mawh gengen si’n ciin i kihil ciet uhhi. Tualou zong, i sum i pai, i hunte tampi beisah khat kisuoh ahi,ci khu thei zing va ui. Kalaisai! tazen!, silhoipi khat a, i na gel khat zong silsie na suohthei mawh i ci ciengin gen hasa mama e!, Guoite.
Mobilephone headset zang gige in.
Glossary
Bilkawm= side of ear
Cilpulna tahsa= salivary gland
Dum= tobacco
Dum siempawl=tobacco company
Guoi= lawm. friend.
Hâahte= those who use excessively, frequent users
Hieng= branch, part
Hinnanei= biological, living
Hluoh= huoh.brain
Hu= radiation, magnetic wave, wave
Kalaisai= lamdang. bravo.
Khuozahna thahui= auditory nerve
Kithukim= agree upon
Kizawitawn= kizuiton. Link to
Kûl= required, necessary, basic
Le-ngavei= five times
Mipil= saintis.scientist
Mipilsuisiem=researcher
Mukhiet= finding, discovery
Natna hoilou=tumor, cancer
Naupang= child
Ngâia gui= headset
Nuntatnanei= biological, living
Phuongdoh= declare, proclaim, publicize
Picing= adult
Poimaw= necessary, basic
Sietna leh khâtna= evil effects, danger, loss
Silsie= silhoilou. bad thing, evil
Tazen!= gintatloupi in. surprising, unexpectedly.
Tongkha= affect, influence, effect
Zangbaite= early users
Zanghâte=late users
Zatep=cigarette, tobacco
Zâuthawnghuoi= dangerous, risky, frightening
Saturday 27/9/08
USA mipilte(saintiste) gendan in mobilephone zah leh hluoh(huoh) cancer natna kizuiton(kizawitawn) himaithei va ciin thusuo zâuthawnghuoitah khat a phuong uhhi.
Mobile phone patsa a’ng pawtkhie radiation/magnetic hu hoilou pen in hinnanei tahsa hiengte a tongkhathei hi.
Tam bang zauhuoi thu pen tuma kum 50 masang lai a, zatep(naziel tep) leh tuop cancer natna kizuiton ahi ci thute lamsang ah, dum siempawlte(tobacco companyte) in a na gingta sih uhhi.
Tam mobilephone patsa pawtdoh magnetic hu(wave) in nuntatnanei/hinnanei(biological) tahsa tungah bangtan sietna leh khâtna tunthei di’ei ci thu ah mipilsuisiemte(researchers) zong a kithukim thei nai sih uhhi.
Pu David Carpenter, Director, Institute of Health and Environment, University of Albany in a genna ah, mobile phone magnetic hu leh hluoh cancer nat kizawitawn ahi ci thute pen mawh neplah lou a, ahi ma ahi, ci tanpha a, i gintat pai ding uh ahi ciin, Subcommittee of US House of Representatives Committee on Oversight and Reform maiah phuondohna a nei hi. Ama’n a genkiana ah, ta bang radiation/magnetic hu hoilou in bangtan sietna leh khâtna i tahsa tunga a’ng tutthei ahiei, ci khu theicienna cientah thute a kinei nâi lou vangin, adiehin naupangte’n tam bang hu hoilou zahna lamsang ah, pilvan mama a ngâi leh a kûl hi ciin a phuongdoh hi.
Pu Robert Herberman, Director, University of Pittsburg Cancer Institute, in zong a genna ah, cellphone zah leh hluoh cancer natna a kizuiton ahi ci pen a namdetna thu a phuong hi. Pu Robert leh Pu David tegel gendan in, picingte(adults) sângin naupangte’n tam magnetic hu hoilou pen a khanglazaw uhhi, ciin a phuong uhhi.
Cellphone a’ng pienna Scandivania gam a mipilsuisiemte mukhietna dungzuiin cellphone apatsa a’ng pawtdoh magnetic hu in hinnanei tahsa tungah sietna leh khatna a tunthei ma hi, ciin a gen uhhi.
Cancer siem Swedenmi Pu Lennart Hardell in a mukhietna ah, bilkawm a cellphone zangte pen a bil in khuozahna thahui tungah natna hoilou(tumor) aleni in a ngâina gui zangte sângin, a veitheizaw hi ciin a mukhietna a phuong hi.
Israel gam a mipilsuisiemte mukhietdân in, cellphone hâzahte cilpûlna tahsa(salivary gland) tungah natna hoilou(tumor) veitheina khu za lahah sawmnga(50%) vei sangzaw a nei uhhi.
Royal Society of London in a suikhietna ah cellphone zanghate sangin a zangbaite pen le-ngavei in hluoh cancer natna vei baizaw hi, ciin a hil uhhi.
Cellphone i hâzahna i bil lang khat pen bou ah, natna hoilou a kiveithei hi a ciin, Pu David Carpenter in a gen hi.
‘Hi ngutva guoite’ mobilephone a mi khat toh ka kisawt hou ciengin, ka bilkawm a’ng sa vengvung a, ka bilkawm a ka thuo sawt ciengin, ka bil hing sa huthut a, tua cingin, ‘Lawm awi, i kihou tawpsah phot vai, izaw’ ka ci zel hi. Tua ziehin, mobilephone ka nei hi, ciin kûl leh poimaw tinten lou piin thu leh late mawh gengen si’n ciin i kihil ciet uhhi. Tualou zong, i sum i pai, i hunte tampi beisah khat kisuoh ahi,ci khu thei zing va ui. Kalaisai! tazen!, silhoipi khat a, i na gel khat zong silsie na suohthei mawh i ci ciengin gen hasa mama e!, Guoite.
Mobilephone headset zang gige in.
Glossary
Bilkawm= side of ear
Cilpulna tahsa= salivary gland
Dum= tobacco
Dum siempawl=tobacco company
Guoi= lawm. friend.
Hâahte= those who use excessively, frequent users
Hieng= branch, part
Hinnanei= biological, living
Hluoh= huoh.brain
Hu= radiation, magnetic wave, wave
Kalaisai= lamdang. bravo.
Khuozahna thahui= auditory nerve
Kithukim= agree upon
Kizawitawn= kizuiton. Link to
Kûl= required, necessary, basic
Le-ngavei= five times
Mipil= saintis.scientist
Mipilsuisiem=researcher
Mukhiet= finding, discovery
Natna hoilou=tumor, cancer
Naupang= child
Ngâia gui= headset
Nuntatnanei= biological, living
Phuongdoh= declare, proclaim, publicize
Picing= adult
Poimaw= necessary, basic
Sietna leh khâtna= evil effects, danger, loss
Silsie= silhoilou. bad thing, evil
Tazen!= gintatloupi in. surprising, unexpectedly.
Tongkha= affect, influence, effect
Zangbaite= early users
Zanghâte=late users
Zatep=cigarette, tobacco
Zâuthawnghuoi= dangerous, risky, frightening
Friday, September 26, 2008
YOUTHFUL PASSIONS AND YOUTHFUL CAREER [Formula 1-2-3]
Philip Thanglienmang DANICS
“The wise shall inherit glory but shame shall be the promotion of fools” Proverbs 3:35
I was rather surprised when Mr. Thansuonmung Suontah; Chairman Youth Department, ZCF Delhi rang me up requesting me to write an article, for the coming Decade of existence Youth department magazine which will be released on the occasion of 10th Anniversary(Decadal) Celebration of Youth Department’s existence; serving the fellowship and the youths of Zomi Christian Fellowship Delhi. It took me about a week to decide which topic to pen down for my younger brethren of ZCF Youth Department on the occasion of their Decadal existence in the capital of India.
One day while I was discussing some topics of our society with some of our young boys, it occurred to me that I should write on the topic ‘Youth and Career’ which i thought would be the most appropriate subject in this age of fast changing globalization of our society. When I begin to write this topic, my thoughts goes back to the time when I was a village urchin, roaming freely and carefree in the rivulets and forests(jungles) of my native hills searching for spring season mushrooms of various hues and varieties, wild roots and wild fruits.
Climbing the rainforest trees and scampering in the paddy fields trying to catch the tiny rats and mice or at times running after venomous snakes. I recalled the Chakpi river in full spate in the monsoon seasons washing away the river banks with loud bangs. Where, I used to swim the dangerous torrents of river currents while on angling trips to the length and breadth of the river Chakpi catching eels(snake fish). I recall the times when I used to go to the school reluctantly with my half-torn half-pants, one piece shirt and a pair of sleepers carrying a bag load of books.
When difficult and tormenting subjects like English Hindi and Manipuri turn came during the day, we would bunk the class one by one on the pretext of going to the toilet to escape being thrashed with long canes of our teachers. From then on, we would climb up the high hills upwards situated on the eastern side of my school, and climbing up on the midway the high hills where we set up a tree camp below canopy of trees; some which born edible fruits; which we christened them as Vitamin fruits. In the cool and breezy afternoon we used to basked away in the jungle camps enjoying the cool wind blowing or the bright sushines or braving the heavy rains till the above mentioned subjects passed over with time. Once, six of our class mates with my naughty initiatives, we went down to a river called Konohli which is an abandoned river valley formed as an oxbow lake near the Chakpi river(Tapei lui). We swam in the river till the school was over. On reaching the school, our headmistress declared us; Blacksheep of the school. As retribution for our sins, we were asked to carry school books on our heads from the school to girls convent. It so, happened on that day, I did not bring my school bag(books) to school, the result was that I was given a big piece of oval stone to carry headlong which I carried reluctantly on my young head.
When I reached home, my father interrogated me as to why I misled my classmates and took them to the river, I had no concrete answer. He advised me never to mislead anyone from that day onwards. I thought that he would thrash me thoroughly because of my naughty pranks, but he did not lift up any cane or stick to strike me. It really touched my inner thoughts and mind. My young head began to explore many things silently then on.
My father told me about many of his comrades in the army whose children had gone on to become respectable people and officers. Gradually, my young minds began to think of possibilities of becoming like some of the children of his comrades. First of all, he told me that if you know English you will be able to become an officer. This piece of advice fired my young mind like the most powerful engine of my being. He put me to Manipuri and Hindi tuitions a physically challenged tutor Late Kokngang taught us. For Maths tuition he sent me to our village postmaster Mr. Anandi(Assamese) who married our my distant cousin and he became a part and parcel of our society. Then on, I began to take things more seriously. My father used to ask me then, ‘Mangkang, when you grow up what will you provide your wife and children?’ (‘Mangkang aw, na let ciengin na zi na tate bang in na vata diei?’ ciin ei dong let hi.).
In those days, my father’s fields tenants were Nepalis, out of innocence, I replied that when I grow up the Nepalis will provide us food. Now, of course, I know that it is not so. That my father meant to ask me what would be my Career when i grow up. He was building my mental Career.
When, I used to behold our society around me the situation was quite distressing, poverty and illiteracy hovering like the eagles on high. I thought what was wrong with us, can’t we rise up with dignity ? Others can do it, why can’t I do ? What am I made of ? Definitely, not less inferior! to anyone around me. Everywhere, I used to hear unpleasant words of scornful remarks and despise about my society which of course, I would keep it to myself for now. I prayed to my creator, ‘Oh, my creator, God, why did you make me to be despised and look down upon by my fellow brothers around me?’ Can’t I be also like them or more progressing than them?. Then, my creator spoke to me through my inner being that I could surely be more than the people you see around and interact with them. Then, I asked and prayed to my creator again, ‘Oh, my creator, how can I become more or equal to the people I see around me?’ He replied to me, ‘Son, be wise, always seek wisdom and knowledge, then I will give you glory and peace of mind’. He said to me, ‘You are poor, I know this fact very well, but seek me seek my wisdom and my knowledge, you shall be provided’. He said to me, ‘ My son, you have to follow my advice of 1-2-3 formula, if you want to become someone in the society’. Then, I asked my creator, ‘ My good creator, what is this formula of 1-2-3 ? Can you please explain in detail?’.
Then, my creator told me as given below: ‘My son, Formula 1-2-3 can be explained like this, when you get up in the morning from your bed you must give me No.1 preference over others by remembering me that I am your creator and you must surrender yourself to me first(No.1) before you begin your day. In the second place, think of Jesus my only begotten son who died for you and in the third place think of the Holy Spirit who lives in you. Your mind should meditate on the Holy Trinity everyday. This is the First Formula 1-2-3. After that, give No. 1 importance to your father and mother, secondly give importance to your teachers and thirdly give importance to your duties. This is the Second Formula 1-2-3. While you tread the path of Youth from childhood to puberty, then to teenage and to adulthood, my son do not loose sight of your Career by indulging in your Youthful Dreams and Desires.
You must balance well these two powerful forces lest you be carried away in unidirectional route. After all these tempestuous sailing through your Youthful Passion and Dreams, You will across more important events of your life say for example Class X level which I would again classify as No.1 of the Third Formula 1-2-3. Balance your Youthful Passion with your Youthful Career lest you fall into dark pitch of no return for glory of life and peace of mind. There will be stormy seas and rough roads ahead of you but you must proceed on, to cross the hurdles on your way. When you cross this No. 1 you will come to the next number.
As you grow further and further into teenage wanderings, you come to Class XI which I say this stage is No.2 of our Second Formula 1-2-3. Here, also you shall again have to balance your Youthful Passions and Dreams with Your future Career lest you become a mediocre of life with no honour or glory. There is no pain no gain as the age old adage says it so. Mount Everest was not climbed with ease by Sir Tenzing Norkay and Sir Edmund Hillary. Roman was not built in a day. Come to Class XII, the final No. 3 of our Third Formula 1-2-3 will be the most crucial event of your Youthful Passions and Youthful Career both of them have to be looked after well, also well-balanced for your youthful Prosperity of your future earthly life with your near and dear ones. This stage of our Fomula is like the U.S Space Programs where the Space Shuttles are carefully designed and manufactured to utmost precisions in order to shoot into the unknown heavens. Of course, some are successful others end up in failures like the one which shot up astronaut Kalpana Chawla and other 6(six) astronauts.
You must gear up your Youthful Passions and Youthful Career cautiously and seriously otherwise your Youthful Career Flight path might go haywire into abysmal depth of no return into the deep oceans of chaotic world like the sunken Spacecraft or Ship. Your Youthful Passions must and must be well-regulated and disciplined and channelized for your future Youthful Career. All the might and power of your of Youthful Existence should be directed towards your time bound and time limiting Youthful Career hunt on this earthly sojourn.
Always, remembering what your creator explained to you in the beginning of the Formula 1-2-3 interpretations. “For I was my father’s son, tender and only beloved in the sight of my mother. He taught me also, and said unto me, let thine heart retain my words; keep my commandments and live.
Get wisdom, get understanding forget it not…” Proverb 4: 3-5 “Oh, Youth where are thou now ? Yes, thou are already 3 decades behind me but Youth thou hast chastised me and taught me to live the rest of my elderly life”. As Psalm 37:11 says ‘The meek shall inherit the earth and shall delight themselves in the abundance of peace’. And Psalm 37: 29 says; ‘The righteous shall inherit the land, and dwell therein forever’.
God is the Creator, Giver and Taker of all things. Whatever you see all around you are his and he can surely bestow upon you only trust in Him and yourself, O, Youthful man and woman open your eyes and ears do not disbelieve the truth of my sayings.
Lastly, let us always remember the saying of Our Lord Jesus, ‘Ask it shall be given unto you, knock it shall be opened unto you’.
Thursday, August 7, 2008
Christianity's Tryst With Northeast's Melting Pot of Cultures; Part I,II,III&IV.
By Philip Thanglienmang
Christianity's Tryst With Northeast's Melting Pot of Cultures: Part I
Christianity's Tryst With Northeast's Melting Pot of Cultures: Part I
In an exclusive four-part series, Philip Thanglienmang unravels how Catholic Church evolved in Northeastern India, home to hundreds of ethnic groups and diverse cultures.
Part I:
Christianity and Manipur’s Zo People
Northeastern India is known as a melting pot of cultures since hundreds of ethnic groups live in that region.One of them is the Zos, a Tibeto-Burman ethnic group. They inhabit Manipur in India and Chin Hills of Myanmar. Colonial civil servants and modern writers have recorded them in various names such as Yo, Jou and Zou.
The earliest and the most genuine records of the Zos have come from Fr. Vincentious Sangermano, a Catholic missionary who came to Burma in 1783. He wrote a book, “A Description of the Burmese Empire,” that was published in Latin at Rome in 1835.
Later, William Tandy translated it into English. It was reprinted at the Government Press, Yangon.
An extracts from the book: “To the east of Chien Mountains between 20º 30' and 21º 30’ North latitude is a petty nation called JOU. They are supposed to have been Chein, who in progress of time, have become Burmaniszed, speaking their language, although very corruptly, and adopting all their customs.”
Other authors on Zos are Betram S. Carey, Burma’s former assistant commissioner, and political officer in Chin Hills and his assisant H.N. Tuck. They wrote "The Chin Hills" in which they describe the Zos as:
“The Yos tribe three generations back occupied the tract now occupied by the Kanhow clan of Soktes, and many of the Kanhow villages are inhabited still by Yos, whose tribal name has given way to that of Kanhow. As has been shown in the previous chapter, Kantum, the Sokte, conquered all the inhabitants right up to the borders of Manipur, and Kanhow, his also founded Tiddim village and ruled the newly acquired conquests of his father. The conquered Yos thus came to be known as Kanhowte, Kanhow’s men, and as they inter-married with the Soktes who settled north with Kanhow, there is no real difference between the conquerors and the conquered.” (Volume I page 140)
Zo Migration
Thousands of Zos have left the Chin Hills since the early 19th century. It was not the dream of a promised land, but their conflicts with the Sokte that drove Zos out of their original settlement and brought them over to India.The CareyTuck book says:"The Yos either migrated north out of the Sokte's reach or quietly submitted...." (Volume I Page 119):
Interviews with some Zo elders have made me conclude that Zos underwent three waves of migrations into British India (Manipur) from British Burma (Chin Hills).
The first period began in 1800 and lasted 50 years.
The second period began in 1860 and ended in 1900.
The third period started 20 years later and ended in 1947, when India won its independence from the British.
The first period happened when the Shans, another ethnic group, attacked Zo kingdoms that flourished in the northern Burma hills since the 17th century. Many Zos lost their original culture, language and customs and they got acculturated into the community in which they took shelter. They adopted the customs and traditions of the chiefs who protected them.
The second period may be called the British or (Poite and Sokte combined allies) Period.
The Zo kingdoms were unaware of the British ascendance in India and Burma. With the British came modern weapons. Guns replaced the Zos’ traditional weapons such as sword, spear, bow and arrow. But the Zos were unprepared for this gun culture.At that time, a certain man in Khanthuom, Kamhau, gathered many followers and allied with the Pois. He became a powerful force in the Chin Hills. He raided Zo villages and imposed levies on them. Later, he collaborated with the British to subdue the Zos, who resisted him in the Chin Hills. Kamhau’s heavy levies and taxes upset Zo chiefs and villagers. Instead of paying the taxes, most of them grudgingly left for the British India. They crossed the porous borders and settled down in the no man's land. Most of the present Zo villages in Churachandpur and Chandel districts owe their origin to this era of migration. The Pois used to attack and killed them. They also carried away children and women as slaves. Some captives returned after several years. However, the majority never returned. Perhaps they were absorbed into their invaders’ culture. In 1889, the Pois attacked the Zo villages in Senam. The Zos fought back bravely with their thâu (muzzle-loading guns) and repulsed the attack. Three years later, the Pois raided Senam (Sinnum) village in retaliation. The Zos fought back bravely, but lost the battle. The invaders ransacked the Zo villages and killed many. They carried away 55 people, including children and pregnant women. I was told that after seven years, five boys and two women returned. Carey and Tuck have recorded this in their book (Vol.I.Page 55).
The third period came during the Second World War.
The period saw many upheavals in the Zo villages that had far-reaching consequence in their society. One of the positive fallouts of the war was that it brought employment to sturdy and able-bodied Zo youth. Another was the introduction of Christianity to their community.
Employment
The British went on a recruiting spree to reinforce their forces to fight the Axis Power in the South East Asia and eastern sector of British India. Many Zo youth left their villages to join the British Indian Army, initially the Assam Rifles and later the Assam Regiment that was based in Shillong. The Second World War provided the Zo youth an opportunity to show their bravery and valor. Many of them brought laurels to their society. Some rose to the rank of subedar.In those days, the army was the only avenue of employment. The villagers respected and feared the soldiers, who, the village belles considered as heroes. Pu. Thanghêm Tungdim of Muolnuom village received the British government’s prestigious Military Cross for his gallantries in the war. After retirement, he founded the present Muolnuom village in 1950s. Similarly, soldiers such as Pu.Elzapâu founded Gêlngâi village, Pu. Lienzathang Taithul founded Singtom village, Pu.Genchinthang Mate founded Tuibuong village, Pu.Zâmmâng founded Sugnu Lamhang village, and Pu.Thangkhokam Tungdim established Langphun village and several other ex-service men became village chiefs.
Religious Beliefs, Customs That Helped Church Grow In Northeast: Part II
In this second part on Christianity in Northeast India, Philip Thanglienmang provides a fascinating account of the various religious beliefs and customs of the Zo tribals in Manipur. Ancient Beliefs
To understand the background of conversions among the Zos we have to study their religious faith before 1950s. Many anthropologists and monographers have classified their religious beliefs as animism or at the most ancestor worship. But I would prefer to classify it as polytheism. Their ancient religion may be called Lawki or its anglicized form, Lawkism.
God
In those days the Zos worshipped one omnipotent, almighty God called Pasien as well as their great ancestor known as Pusha/Pusa and the underworld spirit called Zînmâng. They believed that a great spirit created the heavens and earth and all things in them. This spirit is called Pasien, which literally means God. The Church now uses same term to refer to God.Below God exists a less powerful spirit known as Lungzai/Lungzei ;who may be considered as the assistant or brother of Pasien. It is slightly less powerful than God.
To corroborate the relationship between the two great spirits let me narrate a scene of the Nântal-Neino mythology. Nântal and Neinou are two mythological characters who arrive at a mount at the sunset. A lion (Hûmpi) was was lying in wait for them on the other side of hillock where the two rested. God and his assistant, or Pasien and Lungzai, saw the situation. God asked Lungzai, “Brother, who do you think we should support and save, man or lion? Lungzai replied, “Behold, whenever the lion kills an animal it never gives thanks to us before having the meat. Whereas, whenever man is about to eat he always says ‘May my God be pleased; may my Lungzai be pleased.’ Therefore, it is befitting that we support and save man. "The lion had a magical power to transform itself into any animal and so it turned into a bee. It then hovered above its prey, Nântal. Pasien and Lungzai asked Nântal to slash the bee with his sword. Nântal obeyed, and immediately cut the bee into two and killed the lion.
Spirits
The Zos also believed in an underworld spirit that inhabit a dark underworld kingdom they call Zîn or Zînmâng. This underworld spirit causes various illness and pestilence. It also brings sorrow and death. Various Zou poems mention the fear of this spirit. One may define the spirit as the demon or the evil one that has to be appeased through incantations and offerings of animals and birds.
Ancestor Worship
Every clan or house has their own pusa that is placated and appeased during festivals. In every house, the central column or pillar is used as an altar to offer food and drinks to the ancestors. This pillar is called Sûtpi or Sûtzung. The act or worshipping them is called Sûtzung Biehna, in which the family implores the ancestor to bless the house or clan in with health, harvest and wealth. The names of their forefathers were recited on these occasions.Abode Of DeadsThen, comes the soul or ‘Ha” or “kha’ that exists even after a person dies. Sometimes some wicked person's soul lingers on and haunt or terrorize its loved ones. This wicked soul is called Sihla or Thadam. A good soul first goes to land of the death known as Mishikhuo before entering the heaven.Heaven And Female DragonBefore the different levels of heavens, a soul has to face Gulsamnu, the female dragon who guards the heaven’s gate with her fiery tongues and swords. She taunts or teases souls that had not killed an animal when they were on the earth. She subjects them to torture and misery. Those with many kills to their credit are let in easily. Then, the soul has to cross over a great river before reaching Piêugâl, which literally means the other side of the riverbank. From there, the soul proceeds to different heavens, according to the merit and wealth one accumulates during one life on earth.Heaven (Vângam) Heaven is considered to be a very beautiful and joyous place where the good people go after their death. Here, Zînmâng does not trouble them. Zos have no concept of hell. They believe the heavens have layers or “van,” called, Thangvân, Lêngvân or Vâivân and Mîmvân.
Thangvân
This is the highest layer of heaven and the most blissful place. It is the paradise. Here, the spirits of the good people take their final rest. The land of the dead i.e. abode of the dead called Mishikhuo also known as Pieugâl gam.
Lêngvân
This middle layer is not as blissful as Thangvân. Here, the spirit of a person who was killed by the enemy’s sword or the evil spirits of dead people is placed for further cleansing. The spirit lingers here until his killing is avenged. Then, it proceeds to Mishikhuo. This layer is also called Sâshikhuo and it is akin to limbo or purgatory.
A third name for layer is Vâivân. The soul possessed by an evil- (kâunei) remains here forever.
Mîmvân
This is the lowest layer where the spirits of dead animals and birds reach. Zos believe all animals and birds possess some sort of a soul, which reach the heaven’s lowest layer after death.Sacrificial ObjectsZos also practised many magic and witchcrafts to appease the evil spirits. The practice is known as kithoina, or sacrifice. The sacrificial items were animals such as dog, mithun, buffaloes, chicken and pig. Fermented or brewed-rice liquor called Zu was a mandatory drink in all those occasions. It is a drink for man, spirit and God. It is said that Zo and Zu were born together.
Advent Of Catholic Church In Northeast: Part III
In this third part on Christianity in Northeast India, Philip Thanglienmang tells the inside story of how Catholic Church grew in the remote villages and tribal settlements of Northeast.
Advent Of Catholicism
In the beginning of the World War II, one Thangchinlâng Peter of Khienglâm in Burma became a Catholic after he heard catechist Ungmen preach in Langphun village. In 1944, he migrated to Kathuong, a village near Sajiktampak in India. He converted one Gouchinthang, who helped him in his tour of the villages in Manipur and Burma. He had to suffer many hardships, persecution and ridicule from the people of Lonpi and Goboh. He was arrested, scourged, scorned and was tied to a cross and left to the mercies of nature.It is said a woman saved him.Further stories about him are obscure. Catechist Haokhokham Tungdim of Langphun village was instrumental in converting the whole village of Langphun in Burma (now Myanmar). He came to Muollien village to preach in 1945. He visited another village, Gêlngâi. Lucas Khamchinkhup Zo an immigrant from the Chin Hills also preached in several villages.The people moved in groups of few families and settled down in the Zo villages of British India. During the Second World War some Catholic families had come from Khiengkân, Phâitu, Khampat, Dênlha, Senam in the Chin Hills to Kathuong, Senam, Thingkângphâi, Langphun, Gêlngâi in the Chandel (then Tengnoupal) district of British India. But elders say the shifting was a sporadic migration at different times. The Zos had been living around the valley of the Kana River and on the Letha mountains since 19th century. Mângzakhup, chief of Khuongtal village, had already heard about the Jesus Christ and his teachings from American Baptist Missionaries in the early 1920s. They came to the village to preach. The chief was staunch supporter of his forefathers' religious beliefs. He refused to accept their teachings when told him to give up drinking Zu, fermented or brewed rice liquor, to accept Jesus as his new God.He was my maternal grand father. According to my mother, her father asked how one could forgo staple food and drinks to follow a new God since God has given food and drinks for human existence. He could not understand the concept of abstinence from Zu and at the same time be a worshipper of God. The concept of offering food and drinks to God already existed in the Zos’ religion, in their ancestor worship known as Pusha Biehna.About the same time some missionaries came to Khuongtal to open a village school. Sensing rebellions over the mission education he ordered the missionaries to discontinue their work and leave the village immediately. My late father Thangkhokâm told me that in mid 1930s, some Christian followers of the American Baptist Mission lived in Paldâi and Sajiktampak (Sachih) Zo villages. He and my uncle Pu Lângpum heard about a mission school run by the American Baptist Mission in Paldâi village. They were very eager to go to that school, and so, they worked hard in the jhum fields to earn money for their schooling. They used to walk for almost 30 kilometers from Khuongtal to Paldâi to study.When they were on their way to Ahumsuba (Class III Manipuri and English) their teacher from Salluk near Chakpikarong became pregnant and stopped coming to the school. So, after three months, they were compelled to stop their schooling. Fr. RavalicoAround 1951, the Zos of Singtom village learnt about the Catholic faith from Lucas Khamchinkhup Zo. On hearing that some Catholics lived in Singtom village Fr. Ravalico went there. He celebrated the first Mass there on Aug. 15, 1953. He also baptised some catechumens. Fr. Ravalico appointed Lucas Khamchinkhup as catechist with a salary of 250 rupees a month. During his stay at Singtom many people surrounding villages invited the priest.On Oct. 15, 1953, Fr. Ravalico reached Purumtampak and baptised 10 children. This was the first baptism in the Chothe community. The next day accompanied by Lucas Khamchinkhup, Father Ravalico left for Zo villages of Singtom and Muolnuom. After long and tedious journey by foot, traversing through the hills and high mountainous forests they reached at sunset Gêlngâi, the first village on the banks of River Kana.The headman welcomed him cordially. The next morning was Mission Sunday and the priest baptised the catechumens. He left Gêlngâi village two days later for Muollien. He climbed the steep and ravenous mountains with the help of two young men. The people welcomed the priest and offered him the best possible hospitality. A delighted Father Ravalico baptised 35 catechumens the next day.On Oct. 19, he reached Kholien where he baptised 26 people. The following day, he reached Kathuong, a Zo villager. He baptised 49 persons there. On Oct. 22, they set out for the last leg of their tour in the Zo area. They passed through Muolnuom, Sielkûi and Zângdung villages. Their final destination was Khuongtal on the Burma border.The headman of that village was Mângzakhup who was my maternal grandfather. My late mother, the chief’s youngest daughter, told me that the Catholic priest received warm welcome. They threw a great feast in the priest’s honor in which all the villagers took active part. The whole village danced with Fr. Ravalico enjoying the traditional drink Zu, brewed-rice liquor. Fr. Ravalico and the headman had lengthy discussions about the Catholic faith. The priest spoke of Jesus as the new God and his teachings. On hearing the same name of Jesus, the headman expressed his reservations about the new God and his teachings. But in the end, he said that he could not forsake his traditional drink Zu and certain customs of his ancestors. Fr. Ravalico did not insist on this particular cultural item of Zu. He only exhorted him to become a Catholic. Finally, the chief agreed to become a Catholic provided he was allowed to continue the practice of drinking Zu. The priest neither insisted the chief give up the practice nor encouraged him to continue it. So, the headman became a Catholic. All his kith and kin followed him. The priest baptised 35 persons. The headman and Fr. Ravalico had a photo session near the village memorial stone called Nuomman Muol. The priest left Khuongtal village after a five-day stay and headed for Singtom, where they reached after two days of tedious and weary journey. They stayed at the headman’s house. The next day Fr. Ravalico visited the villages of Senam-Singkângphâi and Langphun and baptised about a dozen people. From Singtom he went to Imphal and then to Dibrugarh. He took several Zo boys and girls wit him to educate them. He halted at Singtom a second time when he visited Manipur in December. He was on his way to the Thangkâi area inhabited by Kukis. Accompanied by catechists Marcus Nonkholun and Lucas Khamchinkhup he visited Lonpi, Semol, Chalzang, Changpol, Chalson, Ch. Tengnoupal, Moltuh and baptised many people.
The Blossoming of Catholic Church In Manipur: Part IV
In this fourth and concluding part on Christianity and Northeast India, Philip Thanglienmang glimpses through some of the rare incidents that helped blossom the Catholic Church in Northeast.
First Catholic Congress 1959
The first Catholic Congress was held Feb. 13-15, 1959 at Purumtampak, a Chothe village in the then Tengnoupal District near Sugnu. Although the village had only a few Catholics, they fed about 700 people for three days. Fathers G. Venturoli and Joseph Mattam were stationed at Purumtampak village. Delegates from various tribes attended the Congress enthusiastically. There were Zos, Thadous (Kukis), Hmars, Paites, Moyons, anal, Lamkand and Chothes.They had rains on the first night. On the second day there were variety entertainments and competitions followed by a lengthy speech by Fr. Venturoli. In the evening, Fr. Wollaston came from Imphal. Next afternoon, the village held a Eucharistic procession in the afternoon. It was closed with a Mass where Father Mattam preached.
The second Catholic Congress was held at Mitong Khunkha in 1961. About 400 people from various tribes attended it.Sugnu Centre.In 1958, Fr. Mattam started visiting Sugnu from his base at Nirmalabas, Imphal. He used to tour hilly areas of Sugnu, Singtom, Purumtampak, Liwachangning, Komlathabi and Lonpi, Joupi, Wayang, Changpol of Thângkâi areas bordering Burma, Sumchinvûm and Singngât of the then South District, inhabited by the Moyons, Lamkang, Monshangs, Chothe, Chiru, Anals, Zous and Kukis. Fr. Ravalico chose some young boys from among the hills whom he sent to Dibrugarh for schooling and priestly training. Prominent among them were M. Linus Lienkhohau, Fr. Peter Haokip, Fr. Dominic Lumon, Fr. Ngamkhochung, Pu. Aloysius Nêhkhojang Tungdim, John Thangzalet, John Zamkhomâng, Stephen Semkholun and John Kâmmâng.During 1962-1963, a primary functioned at the present convent on the banks of Imphal river. The Sugnu parish was opened on Aug. 15, 1964, after the name of St. Joseph with Fr. Joseph Kachiramattam as the first parish priest. He started St. Joseph’s School in 1966 in a makeshift shed near the present Alphonsa Convent.Fr. Mattam approached the Catholic community of Sugnu, who willingly donated the required land for the Sugnu Centre. Lienkhohau played a key role in acquiring the parish land.Fr. K.C. George. Ill health forced Fr. Mattam to leave the place. Fr. K.C. George succeeded him in 1967. The same year, the new priest built the present school and other buildings on the land Sugnu Catholic Community donated. The following year, he started St. Joseph’s Boarding with some 30 children from nearby villages.There were no fulltime-trained pastors for the whole of Sugnu area. Local catechists helped. Laypersons like Lucas Khamchinkhup, John Vumkham, John Huotpau, Thaddeus Thangchinlang Marcus Nonkholun, Barnabbas Langchinkhup and John Ngulkhothang took active part to spread the Word of God in Sugnu parish.Before he left the mission, Fr. George upgraded St.J oseph’s School to upper primary.
Fr. Mathew Manianchira
After Fr. K.C George, a young energetic, hardworking and modernised priest, Fr. Mathew Manianchira, came to the parish. He was a practical and down-to-earth person. Many called him a people’s priest. He worked for the welfare of his parishioners so much so, that even today people fondly remember him.From 1970 onwards there were Church leaders in the Sugnu Local Church. The first Church leaders of Sugnu were Sub. Peter Thangkhokâm and Sub. Lawrence Langpum. They served the church from 1970-1977. During their tenure, the church plot was bought at I.B. Hills at Sugnu Lamhang. Under their initiative the construction of the first local church started in 1973. The work progressed under the guidance of Father Manianchira who arrived in the same year. His assistant was Fr. M.C John. The new church was blessed on March 23, 1974 by Bishop Abraham. The church was named “Mary Help of Christians Church.” A grand community feast marked the day. People drank the traditional brewed-rice liquor; Zu. The bishop, the chief guest, and people danced to the beats of the drum throughout the day. Even today, the people of Sugnu parish cherished that day. Those days, Samuel Khamzakhup, a young catechist, played a key role to publish various Catholic hymn books and prayer books in Zo language. Father John guided him. Fr. Mathew sent several young men to Dibrugarh for studies and further priestly training. I was among those chosen people. Before we left, the priest called us to his office and said, “Go and study well, and try to become somebody someday, never mind if you can not make it to the priestly goal".
Sources: Primary Source: Oral interviews of by the author.
Secondary Sources: The Herald of Jesus Christ by Fr. Ravalico SDB. The History of Catholic Church in Manipur by Fr. Jayaseelan.] Concluded-------------------------------------
--Philip Thanglienmang belongs to the IAS allied Service of the Delhi Andaman & Nicobar Islands Civil Service(DANICS). He is at present the Executive Magistrate, New Delhi District.
This article is copyrighted. Violation of this copyright may lead you to a serious consequences.
Source: http://www.theindiancatholic.com/archives_details.asp?dte=12/2004 [Dated 8th Dec 2004 Articles I, II, III, IV]
This article is copyrighted. Violation of this copyright may lead you to a serious consequences.
Source: http://www.theindiancatholic.com/archives_details.asp?dte=12/2004 [Dated 8th Dec 2004 Articles I, II, III, IV]
Present source: ZOLENGTHE;
Tuesday, July 1, 2008
ZO NGAINA PART III
ZO PAWI NAMTE
(1) Lousielpieh (Pawi khodou) Lou pawizaw a a kibawl ahi ziehin 'Pawi khodou' zong kici hi. Voh khat, âhlui khat kigou hi. i) A voh pen mihingte cidam ludam ngetna, dawihaw1 kauhawl . nading 1eh guotui hoinading ngetna hi. ii) Â pen ankung hoina dîng ngetna, mîm vui tâng vui hoina dîng ngetna hi. iii) Khuomuol ah 'tungman siel' sawmthum, tungman zam lim khat, khiba khat, zubel ni, thum bang biehpiehna in a kinei hi. iv) Pawi khodou ciengin ngâhnu tangvâlte in gamkhau sat in, khogei singdawn sângpen ah bâ in luoidaw uh a, la sakawm in kivei in nuomsa mama uh hi. Tuazieh in tam pawi pen Luoikhai pawi zong a kici hi. v) An khamna dîng, anhla lâhna in 'bepi tang' leh 'tangmansi' kihuon in a kine hi.
(2)Khodou Pawi (Anlâh pawi) Anlâh zaw ciengin hun in a kibawl let hi. Siempupa leh tuonvâite khuomuol ah zubel khat, âlui san khat toh pei in biehpiehna a bawl let uh hi. Zubel pen khozângpi a thupha ngetna dîng ahi ziehin innsuon kim ah a kidong let hi. Khomuol a biehpieh dân pen : (1) Tungman siel lim (30), (2) Zubel lim(2) a dawn ah bizam kisiet, (3) Tui luina theipêng(golong neu)khat, (4) Khuo buppi'a dîng sieltang (2) toh khosiemdawite tungah siempupa in 'phît in' thupha ngên in, a lim bawlteng tungah âlui sî a thê hi. Inn sim ah tutang, heitang khawm in, lawpi khat sungah kikoi in ann a kipe let hi. Hei pen kuong sungah a kikoi a, zu kipie hi. Zu leh ann kicing heh cina limbawl ahihi.
SIELKHUP ZUNÈH
Sielkhup i ci pen tupa khat in a pu deisahna toh pieh dînga siel a kâi a, a va pieh pen 'Sielkhup' kici ahi. Siel khawiloute'n a nei dungzui un siel khat manza sum zong a pethei veve hi. Siel khumpa in zawpa, sasempa, a tu tâzawpa leh a pawlte thum bang sielkhâu puo in a zawpi hi. Pute inn a tun cieng un pute in zong zawpa, sasempa leh unâu, tu leh tâ hlân in 'Sielkhiehzu', zu khâuvaw khat sum uh hi. Pute lam in sielkhupzu nêh dîng hun pen ama kicin hun cieng lungngai in a ni a hla pie vuh hi. Tam sielkhup cipen tute in pute tung a thupha ngetna ahihi. Pute in zubel ankuong kiging khol a, unâu sanggamteng zong zasah in zubel in kihu ciet vuh hi. Zu leh sa a kicin ciengin sielkhupzu nedîng ci'n, Pute in tute sagaw in zusum in pawibawl uhhi. Zubêl zousie a kitât diemdiem a, a tuisa in a kihawm let hi. Tunglam kuonlam khat leh khat kitul in a dawnton uh hi. Sielkhup zu hawm sa hawm ngaina a tuom in a om hi.
LÂMTE
Khawkhâi lâm, Phit kêngkhai, Dâilâm, Phit lâm, Lâmpisuh, Lumsuisia, Kuongtung lâm
1. Lâmlui : Guolnopna zousie ah kizang hi. Van kizangte : (1) Tawm (2) Zâmpi (3) Sielki
2. Sa-ai Gâl-ai lâm : Sa-ai gal-ai ciengin kilâm hi. Van kizangte (1) Tawm (2) Zâmpi, (3) Sielki
(4) Nâmsâu (5) Teipi (6) Lum (7) Doldeng (8) Detang
ZO NGAINA TÂNGTHUTE
1. Thanghou leh Liendou tângthu 2. Khupcing leh Ngambawm tângthu 3. Lentonghoi tângthu
4. Phuthil leh Nântal tângthu 5. Mândawng tângthu 6. Nântal leh Neino tângthu 7. Penglam tângthu 8. Galngam leh Hângsâi tângthu 9. Mâuzuong tângthu 10. Tazuapa tângthu 11. Maneithangdâl 12. Sî leh sawi utate tângthu 13. Tuomata tângthu 14. Ânoute tângthu 15. Lamdîl tângthu
PUONSIL KIZEPNA
Patate kizepna : (1) Zo songkhol (2) Dielkai (3) Puonzal (4) Puonlâisan (5) Âluigu (6) Khibatang (7) Tangcîn (8) Kawngga (9) Puon-âh.
Numeite kizepna : (1) Khiba (2) Zo Khi (3) Nuong kawngga (4) Kepngêh (5) Khimu (6) Lop
(7) Khibapi (8) Khibatang (9) Bilba (10) Tâucien (11) Mawza bilba (12) Sum nâng(ngûn) kawngga (13)Sakhi lukhu (14)Nîhtom (15)Nuongtang (16)Tumtai (17)Ânêl (18) Puondum
(19) Khêphieu.
NGAINA VANZAHTE
Tumging vante: (1) Tawm (2) Zâmpi (3) Sielki (4)Detang (5) Gosem (6)Luoiliem (7) Theile
(8) Kilawng (9) Dâhbu (10) Nuoisuh dâhbu (11) Phît
LOU HLAWNA VANTE (1) Heipi (2) Heita (3) Tupi (4) Tuta (5) Tempawng (6) Namta
(7) Kângkûi (8) Kolnam (9) Hâhkol (10) Kawng (12) Hieh vabawng (13) Seu (14) Sihsillukhu
(15) Naw (guozuh cieng alelam a kikhu) (16) Tawicieng (17) Lawpi (18) Pota (19) Lawpi godâl leh adangdang.
INSUNG VANZAHTE
I pu i pate hunlai in sia na om nailou ahi ziehin, innsung vanzah papo anei aa bang in sing leh guo vive na kizang let hi. (l)Lêl (Thûl), (2)Law, (3)Tawicieng, (4)Lawpi,Godâl (5)Sangkhup (6)Pota
(7)Sihsil (8)Gaphel (9)Zubêl (10)Dawn (11 )Dawnkai (12)Ngau (13)Hum (14)Haikeh
(15)Haikhaw (16) Tuibuh thei (17)Ankuong (18)Kuongphel (19)Malta kuong (20) Khatei
(21) Suhdu (22) Tungzum (Voh dawtna) (23) Vohkuong (24)Tuikuong (25) Ki ankuong
(26) Sum (ansuhna) (27) Suh (28) Meituh (29) Lê (30) Patkuong (31) Patkapna (32) Muitung (33) Muiphei (34) Vaulawh koina (35) Siemgatna vante (36) Gophah, cîngphah (37) Zobêl (38)Sabuoi leh adangdang.
INNSUNG MUN LEH, A MINTE
(1) Tunkot (2) Leituol (3) Suongciel (4) Kemtung (5)Khangtung (6) Hlimpha(Hlappha)
(7) lnnmai kunou (8)Tâdou (9) Sumpha (10) Sangkil (11) Bângtung, (12) Kawm
(13) Innmaikot (14) Vathâng (15) Tuongphei (16) Tapkîl, (17) Tapzâng (18) Tapsah (19) Tapsah kunou (20) Tuonghlang, (21) Tuitun mun (22) Zâl (23) Lupnapi (24) Meipang lupna (25) Gappi
(26) Khin (27) Khinleng (28) Tapkuong (29) Tapkuong zâl (30) lnnsia kot (31) Tawlet
(32) lnnmâi zâl leh adangdang.
ZO NGAINA KI-APMAINATE
(1) Kângkâp (2) Tangpiel (3) Pîpêng (4) Leplai(left/Right(5)Khamte (6) Suongbu kâp
(7) Nâtang lâia vamîm aw (8) Sang-âh leh  (9)Kibuonna (10) Sapi kâp (11) Ka gâl a sing sât koi (12)Ciengkâp (13) Kangtei leh adangdang.
SÎVÛIDÂN leh SÎKOUDÂN
Zo mite i si cieng in leh sîkouna in thâu a kikâp let hi. Thâugin a kizâh ciengin khozângpi'n a kidel hi. Nupi zousie'n sîbeng a, sîbeng zousie a kap ciet uhhi. Sîphawnzu ( lâitazu) ci in zubêl khat kisum pai hi. Zawpa, sasempa leh unâute kikum un, sivûi hun dîng a ni a sê pai uhhi. Khuol gamla a omte pen zaw leh sasemte'n a kou uhhi.
SÎZU SUMDÂN
Gâl-ai, Sa-ai ngai pâpi khat a si leh a mat a ai toh kizûiin zubêl a kisum let hi.
(l)Douzu (2) Khenzu (3) Sâizu (4) Sabungzu (5) Tawzu (6) Vomzu (7) Ngalzu (8) Sielzu
(9) Vaphuolzu ci bangin nam khat zubêl khat kisum hi. Zutui hun dîng toh kituohin sivûini dîng a kisê hi. Sîluong pen kuong ah a kisiel a, a kikoi phot hi.
SA DIELKHÂI
Sa minthang a thatte a si ciengun a tute in 'Sadiel' a khâipai uh hi. (1) Sâidiel - Avâi pî ni, adung pî guh pha dielkâng khat gopi pum dawn ah kikhâi zêl hi. (2)Taw diel- Avâi pî ni, adung pî thum pha dielsan khat kikhâi (3)Sabung diel - Avai pî ni, adung pî thum pha dielvom khat kikhâi let hi. ( Cingpi thatte adîng hi. )
(4 )Tâng-ai diel- Tâng khatvei a ai leh phingpheh a kiphan avâi pî ni, adung pî li pha diel khat kikhai pai hi.
DIEL NGALOU SAMATTE
(1) Gâlmante : Sawntel san, khapkhat a sau khat âguol sawm nêl kivielna lah ah kisiet hi.
(2) Zângsiel : Vaphuol gie khat âgie sawm luoiviel ah kisiet hi.
(3) Vaphuol : Vaphuol gie sâu khat ma kizang a, âgie sawm luoiviel ah kisiet hi.
(4) Ngaltang : 'Sawntel san pimpem' a lom zungni tanpha khat âgie sawm luoiviel ah kisiet hi.
SÎBUOLNA(SÎSILNA)
A sipa a sinu a kisil sieng pai a, a puon gawlteng kisilsah in 'pangli' ah a kitung (kitousah) hi.
SÎVÛINA
Sî kivûi masang ni khat ni pen 'Lângkhen' kici in, bê leh phung lapite sa in kizânhah hi. A zing ni in sîpusuoh la sa in 'Lâng' kici misi touna dînga kibawl tungah a kitousah a 'Tângcîn' puonzâl a kikhu hi. A lu tungah 'Tuhpâl' a kituongsah hi.
Pangli = Misi a kivûi masang innsung a, a touna dîng guo kibawl hi.
Lâng = A touna dîng singpêh kibawl a, a lapna dîng leh a zepnate gopum, guo leh sing dangdangte toh a kibawl hi. 'Pangli, Lângte zong a bawlzie a tuom in a om sêsê hi. A kivûi dîng ni ciengin 'Kosa' ciin sa a kigou hi. Nitâh lamin misi a kilâm hi. Lasate in misi 'Lâng' kîmvêl in a lâm u'a, misipa, misinu toh kisai late, a namnam in sa let uh hi. A kivûi dîng ciengin siluong lei ah kingasuh a, misipa 'Hânla' a kihil hi. Tua lâitahin tutazawte in hâikeh ah tui a tawi u'a 'Hânla' kihil sungin, tui hli khat khat in a tâsah uh hi. Hânla hil a kimanzaw ciengin inntêhnu in siluong tungah tua hâikêh a tokêh hi.
SÎ MINLAWNA
Tuazaw ciengin Pu Zo min panin kilousuhsuh a misipa, misinute innkuon sunga a sisate minteng abânbân in kilou a, na dawn ciet ta un ciin kivâihlâh hi.
LAPI SAHNA
Lâng khetni zân leh a zingni sûn a nivei lapi kisa pen a phungmin tahtah ciet uh a theicienna dîng uh ahi a, a bê a phung lapi ciet ma toh kivâihlâh ahi.
HÂNLA SAHNA
Misisa hlâte in Pu leh pa hlagâu cientah a a khentheina dîng deina hi. 'Hâikêh' kitâwhkêh na pen 'Hânla' muol ah na sa têitêi in cia ciempiehna ahihi. Tua bânah, 'Sîna a tawpna, manna a tawpna hita heh cina ahihi. Nang leh kou kizopna a om nawn sih hi, cina ahi. A'ng kinuahei nawn si'n, i kikhen kêhna hita, cia vâihlâhna ahi.
LEI SUNGA PHÛMNA
Lei sung a siluong a kikoisuh ciengin mihingte hlâ zong kivûihai khathei hi ciin i pu i pate in upna na nei uh hi. Tua ahimanin ahing hlâ lâhna dîngin 'Nângzam' khat misi kuo tungah kisietsuh in, ahing hlâ ladîngpa in a mong ah a tu hi. Lei a vua zaw ciengin "Hlâ hing pei oh! Hlâ ang pei oh! mêsi'n nang buohva, leikha tonâi in nang sâisou va, ka khuo ka tui hlâ hing pei oh!" ciin nângzam dohtou vakhian hi. Tua lâitahin thâu a om zaza a kikâp a, misivûina a manta hi. A zingni pen 'Hlândâl' ni a kici hi. Hlânmuol ah hlândâlna va kibawl hi.
ZO NGAINA Part II
TON LEH AI
(A) AI :
Ai i ci sungpan in gâl-ai, sa-ai, cite a tuom in i gên dîng uh hi. Tam sungah ‘tâng-ai’ thu i gên masa dîng hi. Tâng-ai ciengin siel khat a kigou let hi. A suopi sanggamteng in zong zu leh sa toh a hu let dîng uh hi. A tawmpen in zu khâuvaw(zubêl, phelpi) khat ciet toh a hu let dîng uhhi.
1) Ni masa ni (panpini) unâuteng in zubêl a sum dîng uh hi. 2) Ni ni niin pute leh nuphal lamte in zubêl asum dîng uh hi. 3) Ni thum ni niin tute'a teng akisum dîng hi. Ni khatni(panpini) in ‘tângza ann’ ciin guolvâna a kinei hi. Tâng thumvei a âisate beh ‘tongthei pan hi.
(B) TONNA
Tonna pen mi zêpzêp bawlthei bawlzaw guol ahi sih hi. Tâng thumvei a âisate, suonlete’n picingsate beh in ‘ton khen,tâng-ai, sa-ai, khuoilâh’ thuozou beh hi. Aziehpen, tha leh mat, mîmza tângza âi zoupa in guoltungtuonna limlahna ahi hi. I nop hunhun in zong a kitong thei sih a, nâuzaw ton hla, taw ton hla om lâi hi.
1.Tonna toh kisai sepziete
Khatvei tongpa in ‘song’ khuom kizêm khat leituol lâizâng ah a phut hi. Nivei tongpa in sing khuom ni, thumvei tongpa in singkhuom thum cibangin a phut uhhi. Athumveina khuom pen ‘Song’ khuom Khâi’ ciin song lâiah a kiphutton hi.
Tonna ah siel bawng, lawi a kigou zaza khuom khat in sim in song khuom khat leh ‘tonsawl’ kici 'gopi’ nu bawh’ sawl khat a kiphut hi.
Pumpêng phung khat song teng lah ah kiphutton a sawl dawn ah ‘Tongpa tongnu’ adîngin sawlthup(sawllom) lomni kilom iâ(khî) in a ki-omsah hi.
(a)Muolzou
Muolzo cipen panpini in akibawl a,’ton’ ang zo ,ang sîm zousie khuomuol ah pei in atongsa,sa-ai,gal-ai,tang-ai, athuo zousate’n ‘hânla’ asa uhhi. Teipi,nâmsâu tawi kawmin tawm,zâm,dâhtal tum in, mipite’n phitkeng pâi in alâm z uhhi. Nupite in zungau ahawm u’a,abanban in mite atul uhhi.
(b) Muol a la kisate
i. Sangthu,lâltha kuopat hiam maw,simbu tâng pat hi e.
ii. Simbu tâng pat hi e, pêngpeleu lâltha hi e.
iii. Ka lâl in tângnei tawn,keima’n tângtung tawn ing aw e
iv. Keima’n tângtung tawn in aw e,
v. Keima’n buon bang nuoi sieng ing e
Ahivangin tong napi a gâl-le-sa aina toh athuo jouloute ‘muolzawna’ kibawl lou hi.
(c) Muol pan inn a vâitunna
Tawmpipa makai in phit mut kawm in innlam kizuon a,tunkot tun ciengin nivei kinuatawn kia a thumveina ah kilut hi. Leituol kîmvêl In kilâm a,numeite’n zungau,zupeng tawi in mite ‘tul’ kawikawi uhhi. Phit mutte leituol ah phit kengpâi in a lâm uhhi.
Aman ciengun khangnoute in ‘khangung’ ah tousa in phittum(sêm) in phitlâm kidem uhhi. Sun thapâi in zu-le-sa nêhna’n hun kizang hi.
(d)LÂMPISUH
Panpini(ton kipatni) nitâh khuomut zaw ciengin ‘Lâmpisuh’ kipan hi. Tanute in ‘kemtung’ ah meila dê uhhi. Lâmpisuh lasa dîngte tousa in kikuikip a, azung adawn ah ‘tawm’ khat uoh ‘tawmpi’ ni(2) kitum in la kisa hi. Ala sah vuh pen:-
I. Tonkhuong bawl vai cîn-le-tuoi kou sawl vai e
Thangvân a,zuomâng kopgêl kou sawl vai e
II. Thangvân a,zuomâng kopgêl I koula leh,
Khulsamnu tuonglam hlâh ah tuoh ciem vai e.
Lâmpisuh na lâm dîngte pen khuolgam pan ang peite hitaleh abanban n kilâm hi. A lâm dîngte pen
‘ Natumom pâi oh!’ kici in ama ‘phunglapi’ gên dînga kisasah dîng hi. Alapi agêntheiloute(agentheiloute) kilâmsah lou hi.
Alâm dîngte in apienna gam minthang pen lou in ama-le-ama kihântawh hi. Gêntêna in,’Tah ka pa tapa! Ngaukhuovum nei a mi ka hi; singhum nei a mi ka hi’ ciin tuolsia in kiminsiel masa photse hi.
(e) VÂITUNNA
Lâmpisuh zaw ciengin mipite honkhat tunkot panglam ah pusuoh a lougaam suidân lim kibawl hi. Alasah uh pen:-
“Gam vazuon ta’ng gam vazuon ta’ng,
Mîmva buolna gam vazuon ta’ng’ ciin lasa uhhi. Lougam suite ang tun ciengin pasal pawlkhat in tunkot na kha uha honpai nailou uhhi. Lougam sui(zong)te’n “Kot ei hon vuou” cia ang kikou ciengun asunglam a omte’n “ Bang toh na’ng tung vuou?” ci’ adong uhhi. Vâitung lamte’n “Sumnu toh ang tung vung ei! pâinu toh ang tung ung ei,kot ei hon vuou” ciin thumvei akidawnzaw ciengun tunkot kihon pan hi. Ang lut ciengun inntêhnu makai in nupite lî bangin ‘zungau’ khat ciet tawi in ‘zutul’ uhhi.
(f) Tumphuol Sia(strike with feet)
Vâitungte leituol ah viel khat bang ang lâm zaw tâh ciengin akitaw kholsa tumphuol(meiphuol) sunga mei-âm vum lîhlêh pen akêng uh toh atuoncîl mang uhhi.Tangvalte thahât lâna(etsahna)[lahna] leh kidemna ahi. (g) SungluhLaamkai teng laamkaisa-in angtawntawn in 'sungluh' dingin hingkipanleuleuhi. Papite in 'khuohunzu' nanevuhhi. Khuohunzu phumasang in heitang khat zubel tung ah ang kikoi masa aa zuphut, pupipa-in tua heitang tangsuoh pai hi.Laamkai 'sungluh' dingte kot angtun cieng in "Kot ei han uou" ci-in thum vei ~o zawcieng in innsunglam aomten 'Bangtawh nangtung vuoi? ciin donghi. "Sumnu painu tawh angtung vung e, Tangza mimza tawh angtung vung e, Tanu tapa tawh angtung vung e,
Siel sawm sielza tawh angtung vung e", ci-in thumvei akidawn zawcieng in kot kihon in, innsung ah laamkawm in anglut vuh aa zu kiguoldawnsahhi.
Innsung.lutcieng aakisalain:
(a) Sunglutve ni sunglutve ni ee, atongte siensung lut veni e
(b) Atongte siensung i lut aw, ningzu beimaw aisa beimaw e
(h)Kawlbu(Vâimîm) bawh suh
Sunglu lasah manzaw cieng in innsung 'baang kam' aa kikhai 'kawlbu
Tum pen tangval hatzaw diehte kitom in lutawh kisu aa, agap in kikiesah in, kengtawh kituoncil hi. Tampen hauna lahna, nieng, kiningcing cinopna hi. Kawlbutang kieteng tanu tazawnu in luoh aa aman tanghi( i) Pusuohna Kawlbu bawh suh angman zawciang in 'Lamgui' kaikia in zukhatvei ciet dinsa in kidawn kia aa 'pusuoh la' sa in innmai lam ah kipusuoh kiahi.
Akisa pusuoh la pen:
(a) Seino tang guol ilungkim e, the bang tawn ta veni e
(b) The bang tawn tave ni ee, ngabang laam ta veni ee ; ci-in la sain kipusuoh aa, kemtung ah laamgui kai-in kizanhah hi.(j)Siel kan kidemnaPanpini in 'Tonna' aa kigo ding sieltang naunga neikhat singtawngToh asilo anang bep ding in kisat naangnaang aa, apiazo nawnlo cieng inTangvalte’n muikan kidemna, apmaina in zang hi. A hatten sieltang tung ahPhawipi,thuopni, thuopthum bang pha-in kanzo vuh hi. Tangvalte hat kidemna, hatna laahna hi.
( k) Laamna Toncieng aa kilam, lam namte:- 1. Muollaam, 2. Lampi suh,3 .Saguol kengkhai(khawkhai lam), 4. Phitlaam, 5. Dahlaam leh 6.Laamgui(l)Tonna ni law dânTon hun ni phaza pen zulehsa a kicinna dungzui-in ni tampi (ni sagi dong) kibawl thei hi.
Kipatni pen Panpi ni Azingni pen Zingzu ni Nithumni Kheleni ( Amanni, inn hepni hita hi.)
(m) Tonna zulesa HawmdanA kigosa siel, bawng, lawite saphui peidan peen anei aa banghi.
1. A ngawng Ngawngpi gutuh pupipa kipie hi.
2. A ngum Sunghpa kipie hi
3. Innsung sa Sanggam zosie nehding in kibil huon hi.
4. Tute in asatanh ngaina vuh ombang in nga vuh hi.(n)Sakawn Atongpa ban ah atongdingpa zong sakawn kipie hi. Sakawn pentawi kite hileh tawi (4) bang pha ding hi.
Atongsa a-aisate in agawleh alup zui in zuhai saba nga uh hi.(o)Khenzu' Khen' icipen saithat, tawthat, gal that te cinahi.
'Khen'zu sumdanpen (1) Gal khenzu,
(2) Sai khenzu,
(3) Taw khenzu,
(4) Zangsielzu
5.Vaphuolzu
(6) Vomzu, (7) Ngalzu,
(8) Sazazu cibang in zubel khattakisum hi. Zu hawmna ah thalehmat zui-in zuhai kipie hi. Atha zang in a-aih sih leh zuhai kipie lou hi.( p) Hanla Hanla ciihpen itha imat, i nei i lamna tung aa kiminsielna ahi hi. Hanla sahna-ah 'Hânmuol' a a kisahanla leh 'Sihanla' ciihn amni omhi. Hânmuol a kisa hanla
1. Gal hanla : galmat ciengin kisa thei hi.
2. Saihanla
3. Siel hanla ( Zângsiel mat cieng in kisa thei hi)
4. Taw(to) hanla
5. Ngal hanla
6. Vomhanla
7. Cinghpi hanlaAhihangin 'Ngal' 1eh'Vom'pen kiainawnloaa vaitunniin 'Tunlup'ci-in zu kisum hi. Hallla te pen anamzui in om ngimngiam hi.Si hanla pen mi asi cieng in a sipa-in vantung khuomuo1 aa,asah ding cia akihi1 hia, han1a adawng in kihi1 siengl0 hi.A tawpna teng( mal) khat kihenhi. Hi1 siengieih ei ahing1aiten tua hanla kisathei nawnlo ahizieh in kihi1 kim 10 hi. Tam pen 'Phui hin' ki ci hi.
(A) AI :
Ai i ci sungpan in gâl-ai, sa-ai, cite a tuom in i gên dîng uh hi. Tam sungah ‘tâng-ai’ thu i gên masa dîng hi. Tâng-ai ciengin siel khat a kigou let hi. A suopi sanggamteng in zong zu leh sa toh a hu let dîng uh hi. A tawmpen in zu khâuvaw(zubêl, phelpi) khat ciet toh a hu let dîng uhhi.
1) Ni masa ni (panpini) unâuteng in zubêl a sum dîng uh hi. 2) Ni ni niin pute leh nuphal lamte in zubêl asum dîng uh hi. 3) Ni thum ni niin tute'a teng akisum dîng hi. Ni khatni(panpini) in ‘tângza ann’ ciin guolvâna a kinei hi. Tâng thumvei a âisate beh ‘tongthei pan hi.
(B) TONNA
Tonna pen mi zêpzêp bawlthei bawlzaw guol ahi sih hi. Tâng thumvei a âisate, suonlete’n picingsate beh in ‘ton khen,tâng-ai, sa-ai, khuoilâh’ thuozou beh hi. Aziehpen, tha leh mat, mîmza tângza âi zoupa in guoltungtuonna limlahna ahi hi. I nop hunhun in zong a kitong thei sih a, nâuzaw ton hla, taw ton hla om lâi hi.
1.Tonna toh kisai sepziete
Khatvei tongpa in ‘song’ khuom kizêm khat leituol lâizâng ah a phut hi. Nivei tongpa in sing khuom ni, thumvei tongpa in singkhuom thum cibangin a phut uhhi. Athumveina khuom pen ‘Song’ khuom Khâi’ ciin song lâiah a kiphutton hi.
Tonna ah siel bawng, lawi a kigou zaza khuom khat in sim in song khuom khat leh ‘tonsawl’ kici 'gopi’ nu bawh’ sawl khat a kiphut hi.
Pumpêng phung khat song teng lah ah kiphutton a sawl dawn ah ‘Tongpa tongnu’ adîngin sawlthup(sawllom) lomni kilom iâ(khî) in a ki-omsah hi.
(a)Muolzou
Muolzo cipen panpini in akibawl a,’ton’ ang zo ,ang sîm zousie khuomuol ah pei in atongsa,sa-ai,gal-ai,tang-ai, athuo zousate’n ‘hânla’ asa uhhi. Teipi,nâmsâu tawi kawmin tawm,zâm,dâhtal tum in, mipite’n phitkeng pâi in alâm z uhhi. Nupite in zungau ahawm u’a,abanban in mite atul uhhi.
(b) Muol a la kisate
i. Sangthu,lâltha kuopat hiam maw,simbu tâng pat hi e.
ii. Simbu tâng pat hi e, pêngpeleu lâltha hi e.
iii. Ka lâl in tângnei tawn,keima’n tângtung tawn ing aw e
iv. Keima’n tângtung tawn in aw e,
v. Keima’n buon bang nuoi sieng ing e
Ahivangin tong napi a gâl-le-sa aina toh athuo jouloute ‘muolzawna’ kibawl lou hi.
(c) Muol pan inn a vâitunna
Tawmpipa makai in phit mut kawm in innlam kizuon a,tunkot tun ciengin nivei kinuatawn kia a thumveina ah kilut hi. Leituol kîmvêl In kilâm a,numeite’n zungau,zupeng tawi in mite ‘tul’ kawikawi uhhi. Phit mutte leituol ah phit kengpâi in a lâm uhhi.
Aman ciengun khangnoute in ‘khangung’ ah tousa in phittum(sêm) in phitlâm kidem uhhi. Sun thapâi in zu-le-sa nêhna’n hun kizang hi.
(d)LÂMPISUH
Panpini(ton kipatni) nitâh khuomut zaw ciengin ‘Lâmpisuh’ kipan hi. Tanute in ‘kemtung’ ah meila dê uhhi. Lâmpisuh lasa dîngte tousa in kikuikip a, azung adawn ah ‘tawm’ khat uoh ‘tawmpi’ ni(2) kitum in la kisa hi. Ala sah vuh pen:-
I. Tonkhuong bawl vai cîn-le-tuoi kou sawl vai e
Thangvân a,zuomâng kopgêl kou sawl vai e
II. Thangvân a,zuomâng kopgêl I koula leh,
Khulsamnu tuonglam hlâh ah tuoh ciem vai e.
Lâmpisuh na lâm dîngte pen khuolgam pan ang peite hitaleh abanban n kilâm hi. A lâm dîngte pen
‘ Natumom pâi oh!’ kici in ama ‘phunglapi’ gên dînga kisasah dîng hi. Alapi agêntheiloute(agentheiloute) kilâmsah lou hi.
Alâm dîngte in apienna gam minthang pen lou in ama-le-ama kihântawh hi. Gêntêna in,’Tah ka pa tapa! Ngaukhuovum nei a mi ka hi; singhum nei a mi ka hi’ ciin tuolsia in kiminsiel masa photse hi.
(e) VÂITUNNA
Lâmpisuh zaw ciengin mipite honkhat tunkot panglam ah pusuoh a lougaam suidân lim kibawl hi. Alasah uh pen:-
“Gam vazuon ta’ng gam vazuon ta’ng,
Mîmva buolna gam vazuon ta’ng’ ciin lasa uhhi. Lougam suite ang tun ciengin pasal pawlkhat in tunkot na kha uha honpai nailou uhhi. Lougam sui(zong)te’n “Kot ei hon vuou” cia ang kikou ciengun asunglam a omte’n “ Bang toh na’ng tung vuou?” ci’ adong uhhi. Vâitung lamte’n “Sumnu toh ang tung vung ei! pâinu toh ang tung ung ei,kot ei hon vuou” ciin thumvei akidawnzaw ciengun tunkot kihon pan hi. Ang lut ciengun inntêhnu makai in nupite lî bangin ‘zungau’ khat ciet tawi in ‘zutul’ uhhi.
(f) Tumphuol Sia(strike with feet)
Vâitungte leituol ah viel khat bang ang lâm zaw tâh ciengin akitaw kholsa tumphuol(meiphuol) sunga mei-âm vum lîhlêh pen akêng uh toh atuoncîl mang uhhi.Tangvalte thahât lâna(etsahna)[lahna] leh kidemna ahi. (g) SungluhLaamkai teng laamkaisa-in angtawntawn in 'sungluh' dingin hingkipanleuleuhi. Papite in 'khuohunzu' nanevuhhi. Khuohunzu phumasang in heitang khat zubel tung ah ang kikoi masa aa zuphut, pupipa-in tua heitang tangsuoh pai hi.Laamkai 'sungluh' dingte kot angtun cieng in "Kot ei han uou" ci-in thum vei ~o zawcieng in innsunglam aomten 'Bangtawh nangtung vuoi? ciin donghi. "Sumnu painu tawh angtung vung e, Tangza mimza tawh angtung vung e, Tanu tapa tawh angtung vung e,
Siel sawm sielza tawh angtung vung e", ci-in thumvei akidawn zawcieng in kot kihon in, innsung ah laamkawm in anglut vuh aa zu kiguoldawnsahhi.
Innsung.lutcieng aakisalain:
(a) Sunglutve ni sunglutve ni ee, atongte siensung lut veni e
(b) Atongte siensung i lut aw, ningzu beimaw aisa beimaw e
(h)Kawlbu(Vâimîm) bawh suh
Sunglu lasah manzaw cieng in innsung 'baang kam' aa kikhai 'kawlbu
Tum pen tangval hatzaw diehte kitom in lutawh kisu aa, agap in kikiesah in, kengtawh kituoncil hi. Tampen hauna lahna, nieng, kiningcing cinopna hi. Kawlbutang kieteng tanu tazawnu in luoh aa aman tanghi( i) Pusuohna Kawlbu bawh suh angman zawciang in 'Lamgui' kaikia in zukhatvei ciet dinsa in kidawn kia aa 'pusuoh la' sa in innmai lam ah kipusuoh kiahi.
Akisa pusuoh la pen:
(a) Seino tang guol ilungkim e, the bang tawn ta veni e
(b) The bang tawn tave ni ee, ngabang laam ta veni ee ; ci-in la sain kipusuoh aa, kemtung ah laamgui kai-in kizanhah hi.(j)Siel kan kidemnaPanpini in 'Tonna' aa kigo ding sieltang naunga neikhat singtawngToh asilo anang bep ding in kisat naangnaang aa, apiazo nawnlo cieng inTangvalte’n muikan kidemna, apmaina in zang hi. A hatten sieltang tung ahPhawipi,thuopni, thuopthum bang pha-in kanzo vuh hi. Tangvalte hat kidemna, hatna laahna hi.
( k) Laamna Toncieng aa kilam, lam namte:- 1. Muollaam, 2. Lampi suh,3 .Saguol kengkhai(khawkhai lam), 4. Phitlaam, 5. Dahlaam leh 6.Laamgui(l)Tonna ni law dânTon hun ni phaza pen zulehsa a kicinna dungzui-in ni tampi (ni sagi dong) kibawl thei hi.
Kipatni pen Panpi ni Azingni pen Zingzu ni Nithumni Kheleni ( Amanni, inn hepni hita hi.)
(m) Tonna zulesa HawmdanA kigosa siel, bawng, lawite saphui peidan peen anei aa banghi.
1. A ngawng Ngawngpi gutuh pupipa kipie hi.
2. A ngum Sunghpa kipie hi
3. Innsung sa Sanggam zosie nehding in kibil huon hi.
4. Tute in asatanh ngaina vuh ombang in nga vuh hi.(n)Sakawn Atongpa ban ah atongdingpa zong sakawn kipie hi. Sakawn pentawi kite hileh tawi (4) bang pha ding hi.
Atongsa a-aisate in agawleh alup zui in zuhai saba nga uh hi.(o)Khenzu' Khen' icipen saithat, tawthat, gal that te cinahi.
'Khen'zu sumdanpen (1) Gal khenzu,
(2) Sai khenzu,
(3) Taw khenzu,
(4) Zangsielzu
5.Vaphuolzu
(6) Vomzu, (7) Ngalzu,
(8) Sazazu cibang in zubel khattakisum hi. Zu hawmna ah thalehmat zui-in zuhai kipie hi. Atha zang in a-aih sih leh zuhai kipie lou hi.( p) Hanla Hanla ciihpen itha imat, i nei i lamna tung aa kiminsielna ahi hi. Hanla sahna-ah 'Hânmuol' a a kisahanla leh 'Sihanla' ciihn amni omhi. Hânmuol a kisa hanla
1. Gal hanla : galmat ciengin kisa thei hi.
2. Saihanla
3. Siel hanla ( Zângsiel mat cieng in kisa thei hi)
4. Taw(to) hanla
5. Ngal hanla
6. Vomhanla
7. Cinghpi hanlaAhihangin 'Ngal' 1eh'Vom'pen kiainawnloaa vaitunniin 'Tunlup'ci-in zu kisum hi. Hallla te pen anamzui in om ngimngiam hi.Si hanla pen mi asi cieng in a sipa-in vantung khuomuo1 aa,asah ding cia akihi1 hia, han1a adawng in kihi1 siengl0 hi.A tawpna teng( mal) khat kihenhi. Hi1 siengieih ei ahing1aiten tua hanla kisathei nawnlo ahizieh in kihi1 kim 10 hi. Tam pen 'Phui hin' ki ci hi.
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